Phytophagous insect incidence is a serious threat for reduction of crop productivity globally. There is an estimation of one fourth of crop is being destroyed by insects annually. Indeed, the development of insect-resistant crops is a great milestone in agriculture to increase crop yield and reduce pesticide dependency. Genetic engineering facilitates development of insect resistant crops by expressing bacterial δ-endotoxins and vegetative insecticidal proteins and other plant genes like lectins, protease inhibitors, etc. In addition, RNA interference and genome editing through CRISPR Cas9 also provides new solutions for the development of insect-resistant crops. The resultant genetically modified crops showed resistance against lepidopteran, dipteran, homopteran and coleopteran insects. The insect-resistant crops have made a significant economic impact worldwide in terms of higher yield and low pesticide usage. In this review, we focus on different strategies for developing transgenics against insect pest control by expressing different insecticidal proteins in crops.

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作物抗虫基因工程：概述

植食性昆虫的发生是全球作物生产力下降的严重威胁。据估计，每年有四分之一的农作物被昆虫破坏。事实上，抗虫作物的开发是农业中提高作物产量和减少农药依赖的一个重要里程碑。基因工程通过表达细菌δ-内毒素和营养性杀虫蛋白以及其他植物基因，如凝集素、蛋白酶抑制剂等，促进抗虫作物的发展。 此外，通过 CRISPR Cas9 进行 RNA 干扰和基因组编辑也为昆虫的发展提供了新的解决方案-抗性作物。由此产生的转基因作物显示出对鳞翅目、双翅目、同翅目和鞘翅目昆虫的抗性。抗虫作物在高产和低农药使用方面对全球经济产生了重大影响。在这篇综述中，我们关注通过在作物中表达不同的杀虫蛋白来开发转基因抗虫害的不同策略。