In recent years, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria have been isolated from different wildlife species that have not been exposed to antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance profile analysis of wildlife-derived Escherichia coli is one of the ways to obtain information about changes in wildlife habitats. The Amami rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi) is one of the Japanese endemic wildlife species that requires conservation due to its declining population. However, detailed information on its ecology, including habitat, is unclear. We conducted antimicrobial susceptibility testing (broth microdilution assay) of 12 antimicrobials on 135 E. coli strains isolated from the feces of free-living Amami rabbits, collected between 2017 and 2020. No antimicrobial-resistant E. coli were isolated from any sample, indicating that antimicrobial-resistant E. coli were not widely distributed in the Amami rabbit population. In addition, these results suggested that the habitat of Amami rabbits may not be contaminated with antimicrobials derived from humans, Japanese livestock, and wildlife that come in contact with the rabbits. This is the first study to examine the antimicrobial resistance of bacterial isolates from the Amami rabbits for a multi-year period. In order to observe changes in wildlife habitats on the Amami-Oshima Island, inhabited by many rare species including Amami rabbits, continued surveillance of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in wildlife is necessary.

中文翻译：

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对Amami兔（Pentalagus furnessi）粪便样品的分析表明，大肠杆菌中的抗菌药物耐药率低。

近年来，已经从尚未暴露于抗生素的不同野生动植物物种中分离出了抗药性细菌。野生生物来源的大肠杆菌的抗菌素耐药性分析是获得有关野生生物栖息地变化信息的方法之一。ami美兔（Pentalagus furnessi）是日本特有的野生动植物之一，由于其种群数量减少，需要对其进行保护。但是，有关其生态学（包括栖息地）的详细信息尚不清楚。我们对2017年至2020年间从自由生活的ami美兔粪便中分离出的135株大肠杆菌进行了12种抗菌素的药敏试验（肉汤稀释法）。没有抗药性从任何样品中均分离出大肠杆菌，这表明抗微生物性大肠杆菌在population美兔种群中并未广泛分布。此外，这些结果表明，ami美兔的栖息地可能未受到与兔接触的人类，日本牲畜和野生动物衍生的抗菌剂的污染。这是第一个研究多年以来从the美兔中分离出的细菌的抗药性的研究。为了观察the美大岛岛上许多稀有物种（包括Am美兔）栖息的野生生物栖息地的变化，有必要对野生生物中的抗菌素耐药性大肠杆菌进行持续监测。