Nanomaterials are synthetized by aniline with different contents of WO3 nanoparticles using a chemical oxidative polymerization method. FTIR, ultraviolet–visible, XPS, SEM, and XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of the three PANI@WO3 samples. Thermogravimetric analysis shows an improved thermal stability by the presence of WO3 in nanocomposites compared with PANI. Interestingly, the analysis of the band gap shows lowest value of optical band gap of 1.88 eV for PANI@WO3 (0.5) compared with PANI@WO3 (1.0) and PANI@WO3 (1.5) with 1.91 eV and 1.98 eV, respectively. In addition, the electroactivity properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry to explore the benefits of these types of hybrid materials in electrochemical applications.

中文翻译：

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添加三氧化钨纳米颗粒尺寸对杂化材料增强聚苯胺的结构、热学和电活性的影响

纳米材料是由苯胺和不同含量的 WO3 纳米粒子采用化学氧化聚合方法合成的。FTIR、紫外-可见光、XPS、SEM 和 XRD 证实了三种 PANI@WO3 样品的成功合成。热重分析表明，与PANI 相比，纳米复合材料中WO3 的存在提高了热稳定性。有趣的是，带隙分析显示，PANI@WO3 (0.5) 的光学带隙最低值为 1.88 eV，而 PANI@WO3 (1.0) 和 PANI@WO3 (1.5) 分别为 1.91 eV 和 1.98 eV。此外，通过循环伏安法研究了电活性，以探索这些类型的混合材料在电化学应用中的优势。