Recent earthquakes have exposed the vulnerability of existing buildings; this is demonstrated by damage incurred after moderate-to-high magnitude earthquakes. This stresses the need to exploit available data from different sources to develop reliable seismic risk components. As far as it regards empirical fragility assessment, accurate estimation of ground-shaking at the location of buildings of interest is as crucial as the accurate evaluation of observed damage for these buildings. This implies that explicit consideration of the uncertainties in the prediction of ground shaking leads to more robust empirical fragility curves. In such context, the simulation-based methods can be employed to provide fragility estimates that integrate over the space of plausible ground-shaking fields. These ground-shaking fields are generated according to the joint probability distribution of ground-shaking at the location of the buildings of interest considering the spatial correlation structure in the ground motion prediction residuals and updated based on the registered ground shaking data and observed damage. As an alternative to the embedded coefficients in the ground motion prediction equations accounting for subsoil categories, stratigraphic coefficients can be applied directly to the ground motion fields at the engineering bedrock level. Empirical fragility curves obtained using the observed damage in the aftermath of Amatrice Earthquake for residential masonry buildings show that explicit consideration of the uncertainty in the prediction of ground-shaking significantly affects the results.

最近的地震暴露了现有建筑物的脆弱性；中到高强度地震后造成的损害证明了这一点。这强调了需要利用来自不同来源的可用数据来开发可靠的地震风险成分。就经验脆弱性评估而言，准确评估目标建筑物所在位置的地震动与准确评估这些建筑物的观测破坏同样重要。这意味着在地面震动预测中明确考虑不确定性会导致更可靠的经验脆性曲线。在这种情况下，可以采用基于仿真的方法来提供易碎性​​估计值，这些估计值可以在合理的地面振动场空间内进行积分。这些地震动场是根据考虑到地震动预测残差中的空间相关性结构的感兴趣建筑物位置处地震动的联合概率分布生成的，并根据已注册的地震动数据和观测到的破坏进行更新。作为考虑地下土壤类别的地震动预测方程中嵌入系数的替代方法，地层系数可以直接应用于工程基岩层的地震动场。使用观察到的地震破坏后的住宅砖石建筑获得的经验脆性曲线表明，在预测地震动时不确定性的明确考虑会显着影响结果。作为考虑地下土壤类别的地震动预测方程中嵌入系数的替代方法，地层系数可以直接应用于工程基岩层的地震动场。使用观察到的地震破坏后的住宅砖石建筑获得的经验脆性曲线表明，在预测地震动时不确定性的明确考虑会显着影响结果。作为考虑地下土壤类别的地震动预测方程中嵌入系数的替代方法，地层系数可以直接应用于工程基岩层的地震动场。使用观察到的地震破坏后的住宅砖石建筑获得的经验脆性曲线表明，在预测地震动时不确定性的明确考虑会显着影响结果。