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Design, pointing control, and on-sky performance of the mid-infrared vortex coronagraph for the VLT/NEAR experiment
Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1117/1.jatis.6.3.035003 Anne-Lise Maire 1 , Elsa Huby 2 , Olivier Absil 1 , Gérard Zins 3 , Markus Kasper 4 , Christian Delacroix 1 , Serban Leveratto 4 , Mikael Karlsson 5 , Garreth Ruane 6 , Hans-Ulrich Käufl 4 , Gilles Orban de Xivry 1 , Prashant Pathak 4 , Lorenzo Pettazzi 4 , Philippe Duhoux 4 , Johan Kolb 3 , Éric Pantin 7 , A. J. Eldorado Riggs 8 , Ralf Siebenmorgen 4 , Dimitri Mawet 6
Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1117/1.jatis.6.3.035003 Anne-Lise Maire 1 , Elsa Huby 2 , Olivier Absil 1 , Gérard Zins 3 , Markus Kasper 4 , Christian Delacroix 1 , Serban Leveratto 4 , Mikael Karlsson 5 , Garreth Ruane 6 , Hans-Ulrich Käufl 4 , Gilles Orban de Xivry 1 , Prashant Pathak 4 , Lorenzo Pettazzi 4 , Philippe Duhoux 4 , Johan Kolb 3 , Éric Pantin 7 , A. J. Eldorado Riggs 8 , Ralf Siebenmorgen 4 , Dimitri Mawet 6
Affiliation
Vortex coronagraphs have been shown to be a promising avenue for high-contrast imaging in the close-in environment of stars at thermal infrared (IR) wavelengths. They are included in the baseline design of the mid-infrared extremely large telescope imager and spectrograph. To ensure good performance of these coronagraphs, a precise control of the centering of the star image in real time is needed. We previously developed and validated the quadrant analysis of coronagraphic images for tip-tilt sensing estimator (QACITS) pointing estimator to address this issue. While this approach is not wavelength-dependent in theory, it was never implemented for mid-IR observations, which leads to specific challenges and limitations. Here, we present the design of the mid-IR vortex coronagraph for the “new Earths in the α Cen Region (NEAR) experiment with the Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Very Large Telescope imager and spectrometer for the mid-infrared (VISIR) instrument and assess the performance of the QACITS estimator for the centering control of the star image onto the vortex coronagraph. We use simulated data and on-sky data obtained with VLT/VISIR, which was recently upgraded for observations assisted by adaptive optics in the context of the NEAR experiment. We demonstrate that the QACITS-based correction loop is able to control the centering of the star image onto the NEAR vortex coronagraph with a stability down to 0.015 λ / D rms over 4 h in good conditions. These results show that QACITS is a robust approach for precisely controlling in real time the centering of vortex coronagraphs for mid-IR observations.
中文翻译:
VLT / NEAR实验的中红外涡旋日冕仪的设计,指向控制和空中性能
涡旋日冕仪已被证明是在热红外(IR)波长的恒星近距离环境中进行高对比度成像的有前途的途径。它们包括在中红外超大型望远镜成像仪和光谱仪的基线设计中。为了确保这些日冕仪的良好性能,需要实时精确控制恒星图像的中心。我们先前开发并验证了用于倾斜倾斜感应估算器(QACITS)指向估算器的冠状动脉图像的象限分析,以解决此问题。尽管该方法理论上不依赖于波长,但从未用于中红外观察,这导致了特定的挑战和局限性。这里,我们为中红外(VISIR)仪器配备了超大型望远镜(VLT)/超大型望远镜成像仪和光谱仪,为“α岑地区的新地球(NEAR)实验”提供了中红外涡旋日冕仪的设计,评估QACITS估计器的性能,以将恒星图像居中控制在涡旋日冕仪上。我们使用通过VLT / VISIR获得的模拟数据和空中数据,该数据最近已升级为在NEAR实验的背景下通过自适应光学辅助观测。我们证明了基于QACITS的校正环能够在良好的条件下在4 h内将恒星图像居中控制在NEAR涡旋日冕仪上,其稳定性降至0.015λ/ D rms。
更新日期:2020-09-16
中文翻译:
VLT / NEAR实验的中红外涡旋日冕仪的设计,指向控制和空中性能
涡旋日冕仪已被证明是在热红外(IR)波长的恒星近距离环境中进行高对比度成像的有前途的途径。它们包括在中红外超大型望远镜成像仪和光谱仪的基线设计中。为了确保这些日冕仪的良好性能,需要实时精确控制恒星图像的中心。我们先前开发并验证了用于倾斜倾斜感应估算器(QACITS)指向估算器的冠状动脉图像的象限分析,以解决此问题。尽管该方法理论上不依赖于波长,但从未用于中红外观察,这导致了特定的挑战和局限性。这里,我们为中红外(VISIR)仪器配备了超大型望远镜(VLT)/超大型望远镜成像仪和光谱仪,为“α岑地区的新地球(NEAR)实验”提供了中红外涡旋日冕仪的设计,评估QACITS估计器的性能,以将恒星图像居中控制在涡旋日冕仪上。我们使用通过VLT / VISIR获得的模拟数据和空中数据,该数据最近已升级为在NEAR实验的背景下通过自适应光学辅助观测。我们证明了基于QACITS的校正环能够在良好的条件下在4 h内将恒星图像居中控制在NEAR涡旋日冕仪上,其稳定性降至0.015λ/ D rms。