This paper covers the matter of troubleshooting in urban electric transport and electrical equipment. The solution to this issue requires transferring the qualitative determination of the health of the equipment to some quantitative basis. The formalization of qualitative definitions is a prerequisite for constructing formal (computable) troubleshooting algorithms.

中文翻译：

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为故障排除目标流程图设计故障检测和故障排除测试

本文介绍了城市电力运输和电气设备的故障排除问题。解决这个问题需要将设备健康状况的定性确定转移到某种定量基础上。定性定义的形式化是构建形式化（可计算）故障排除算法的先决条件。