Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, that increases bone fragility and fracture risk and, therefore, has a serious adverse effect on the quality of life of patients. However, epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development of osteoporosis remain unclear. There is accumulating evidence that epigenetic modifications may represent mechanisms underlying the links of genetic and environmental factors with increased risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture. Some RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been shown to be epigenetic regulators with significant involvement in the control of gene expression, affecting multiple biological processes, including bone metabolism. This review summarizes the results of recent studies on the mechanisms of miRNA-, lncRNA-, and circRNA-mediated osteoporosis associated with osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Deeper insights into the roles of these three classes of RNA in osteoporosis could provide unique opportunities for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this disease.

中文翻译：

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miRNA，lncRNA和circRNA在骨质疏松症发展中的作用。

骨质疏松症是一种常见的代谢性骨病，受遗传和环境因素影响，会增加骨脆性和骨折风险，因此对患者的生活质量产生严重的不利影响。然而，涉及骨质疏松症发展的表观遗传机制仍不清楚。越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传修饰可能代表了遗传和环境因素与骨质疏松症和骨折风险增加之间联系的潜在机制。一些RNA，例如microRNA（miRNA），长非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA），已被证明是表观遗传调控因子，与基因表达的控制密切相关，影响着包括骨骼在内的多种生物过程代谢。这篇综述总结了最近关于miRNA，lncRNA和circRNA介导的与成骨细胞和破骨细胞相关的骨质疏松症机制的研究结果。对这三类RNA在骨质疏松症中的作用的更深入的了解可能为开发针对这种疾病的新颖诊断和治疗方法提供独特的机会。