Tailings from the Osor fluorite mines release large amounts of potentially toxic elements into the environment. This work is a proposal to remove these waste materials and use them as a raw material in the manufacture of glass. The chemical composition of the tailings was determined by X-ray fluorescence and the mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. Waste materials have SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and CaO contents suitable for a glass production, but Na as NaCO₃ has to be added. Two glass formulations, with 80–90% of the residue and 10–20% Na₂CO₃, have been produced. The crystallization temperatures, obtained by differential thermal analysis, were 875 and 901 °C, and the melting temperatures were 1220 and 1215 °C for the G_80-20 and G_90-10 glasses, respectively. The transition temperatures of glass were 637 and 628 °C. The crystalline phases formed in the thermal treatment to produce devitrification were nepheline, plagioclase and diopside in the G_80-20 glass, and plagioclase and akermanite-gehlenite in the G_90-10 glass. The temperatures for the fixed viscosity points, the working temperatures and the coefficient of expansion were obtained. The chemical stability of the glass was tested and results indicate that the potentially toxic elements of the tailings were incorporated into the glass structure.

中文翻译：

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使用尾矿制造玻璃作为可持续环境修复的替代方法：以西班牙加泰罗尼亚的奥索为例

Osor萤石矿的尾矿将大量潜在有毒元素释放到环境中。这项工作是建议除去这些废料并将其用作玻璃制造中的原材料。尾矿的化学组成通过X射线荧光测定，矿物学通过X射线衍射测定。废料具有适合玻璃生产的SiO ₂，Al ₂ O ₃和CaO含量，但必须添加Na作为NaCO ₃。两种玻璃配方，残留量为80–90％，Na ₂ CO _3为10–20％，已产生。通过差热分析获得的结晶温度分别为875和901°C，G _80-20和G _90-10玻璃的熔融温度分别为1220和1215°C 。玻璃的转变温度为637和628℃。在热处理中形成失透的结晶相在G _80-20玻璃中为霞石，斜长石和透辉石，在G _90-10中为斜长石和钙钛矿-钠长石玻璃。获得了固定粘度点的温度，工作温度和膨胀系数。测试了玻璃的化学稳定性，结果表明尾矿的潜在有毒元素已掺入玻璃结构中。