Abstract

The most commonly used administration methods in clinics and life are oral administration, intravenous injection, and other systemic administration methods. Targeted administration must be an essential long-term development direction due to the limited availability and a high incidence of systemic side effects. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death all over the world. Targeted drug delivery (TDD) methods with the heart as the target organ have developed rapidly and are diversified. This article reviews the research progress of various TDD methods around the world with a heart as the target organ. It is mainly divided into two parts: the targeting vector represented by nanoparticles and various TDD methods such as intracoronary injection, ventricular wall injection, pericardial injection, and implantable medical device therapy and put forward some suggestions on the development of targeting. Different TDD methods described in this paper have not been widely used in clinical practice, and some have not even completed preclinical studies. Targeted drug delivery still requires long-term efforts by many researchers to realize the true meaning of the heart.

• HIGHLIGHTS

• Targeted administration can achieve a better therapeutic effect and effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

• Parenteral administration or medical device implantation can be used for targeted drug delivery.

• Combined with new dosage forms or new technologies, better-targeted therapy can be achieved.

• Clinical trials have confirmed the safety and effectiveness of several administration methods.

摘要

临床和生活中最常用的给药方法是口服、静脉注射和其他全身给药方法。由于有限的可用性和全身副作用的高发生率，靶向给药必须是一个重要的长期发展方向。心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全世界死亡的主要原因。以心脏为靶器官的靶向药物递送（TDD）方法发展迅速且多样化。本文综述了世界各国以心脏为靶器官的各种TDD方法的研究进展。主要分为两部分：以纳米颗粒为代表的靶向载体和冠脉内注射、心室壁注射、心包注射等各种TDD方法，和植入式医疗器械治疗，并就靶向治疗的发展提出一些建议。本文描述的不同 TDD 方法尚未在临床实践中得到广泛应用，有的甚至还没有完成临床前研究。靶向给药仍然需要许多研究人员的长期努力才能实现心脏的真正含义。

• 强调

• 靶向给药可以达到更好的治疗效果，有效减少不良反应的发生。

• 肠胃外给药或医疗器械植入可用于靶向给药。

• 结合新剂型或新技术，可以实现更好的靶向治疗。

• 临床试验已经证实了几种给药方法的安全性和有效性。