We review conditions for growing molecular conductors and superconductors as nanoparticles, an attractive morphology for integrating them into electronic components or composite materials. Although the one‐dimensional character of these materials does not favor their growth as spheroidal objects, by adding growth controlling molecules to the reaction mixture, we succeeded in growing particles from 2 to 50 nm in size for fourteen systems. The choice of the growth controller depends on the nature of the chemical interactions it can establish with the reactive species to limit growth, and on the chemical or electrochemical synthesis procedure. We show that the chemical nature of the nanoparticles is alike single crystals. Due to resistive boundaries, conducting properties of nanoparticle powders are alike microcrystalline powders. Nevertheless, superconductivity occurs in three of the studied materials. The potential application of these nanomaterials is reported in four fields: composite materials, field‐effect transistors, thermoelectric components and biomedical materials.

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分子导体和超导体的纳米粒子：最近十年的进展

我们回顾了将分子导体和超导体作为纳米颗粒生长的条件，这是一种将它们集成到电子元件或复合材料中的诱人形态。尽管这些材料的一维特性不适合它们作为球形物体生长，但通过向反应混合物中添加生长控制分子，我们成功地将14个系统的颗粒尺寸从2 nm增长到50 nm。生长控制器的选择取决于它可以与反应性物种建立的化学相互作用的性质，以限制生长，还取决于化学或电化学合成程序。我们表明，纳米粒子的化学性质类似于单晶。由于电阻边界，纳米颗粒粉末的导电性能类似于微晶粉末。不过，超导电性发生在三种研究材料中。这些纳米材料的潜在应用据报道在四个领域：复合材料，场效应晶体管，热电元件和生物医学材料。