Integrated optics devices are one of the most promising technologies in many fields such as biosensing, optical monitoring, and portable devices. They provide several advantages such as unique sensitivity and the possibility of the well-established and developed silicon photonics technology. However some challenges still remain open, as the implementation of multiplex assay able to reach the single particle sensitivity. In this context, we propose a new design for a Si-based photonic structure that enables the realization of on chip sub-wavelength optical sources. The idea is based on the insertion of opportunely designed nanometric holes in the photonic circuit, which are available for analyte detection with high efficiency. We propose three different configurations in which both excitation and detection are obtained through the same waveguide thus simplifying the detection scheme and potentially enabling multiplexed detection. We proved the high confinement of the electromagnetic field in the holes both by theoretical modelling and spectroscopic measurements. We investigate the possibility of inserting an arbitrary number of optical sources by using a resonator and evaluate advantages and drawbacks of resonating and non-resonating solutions. Finally, we report the proof-of-concept experiment, where detection sensitivity down to single Quantum Dots is obtained by combining the novel design with fluorescence-based techniques. Importantly, the presented results are achieved by a simple modification of photonic sensing chips which are already on the market thus having an excellent translational perspective.

集成光学设备是生物传感，光学监控和便携式设备等许多领域中最有前途的技术之一。它们具有多种优势，例如独特的灵敏度以及完善和发展的硅光子技术的可能性。然而，由于多重分析的实施能够达到单颗粒灵敏度，因此仍然存在一些挑战。在这种情况下，我们提出了一种基于硅的光子结构的新设计，该设计能够实现芯片上亚波长光源。这个想法基于在光子电路中插入适当设计的纳米孔，这些孔可用于高效检测分析物。我们提出了三种不同的配置，其中通过同一波导同时获得激励和检测，从而简化了检测方案并有可能实现多路复用检测。通过理论建模和光谱测量，我们证明了孔中电磁场的高度限制。我们研究了通过使用谐振器插入任意数量的光源的可能性，并评估了谐振和非谐振解决方案的优缺点。最后，我们报告了概念验证实验，该实验通过将新颖的设计与基于荧光的技术相结合，获得了单个量子点的检测灵敏度。重要的，