To explore the effect of refractory on the evolution of inclusions, laboratory experiments were conducted with MgO refractory utilizing electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Based on primary inclusions components, six types of inclusions were observed in the steel with MgO refractory: Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃–MgO, Al₂O₃–CaO, Al₂O₃–MgO–CaO, Al₂O₃–SiO₂–CaO, and MgO inclusions. Al₂O₃ and Al₂O₃–MgO inclusions were the primary inclusions and mainly attributed to deoxidization products, with liquidus temperature exceeding 1600 °C. Al₂O₃–MgO–CaO inclusions resulted from coalescence between MgO and Al₂O₃–CaO inclusions as well as reduction of Al₂O₃–CaO by dissolved Mg. Dual-phase Al₂O₃–MgO–CaO inclusions were characterized by pure MgO cores surrounded by liquidus Al₂O₃–CaO layer, which was related to the substitution of dissolved Ca and Al in molten steel for MgO in inclusions.

为了探索耐火材料对夹杂物演变的影响，利用电子探针X射线显微分析法对MgO耐火材料进行了实验室实验。基于主要夹杂物成分，在具有MgO耐火材料的钢中观察到六种夹杂物：Al ₂ O ₃，Al ₂ O ₃ -MgO，Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO，Al ₂ O ₃ -MgO-CaO，Al ₂ O ₃ –SiO ₂ –CaO和MgO夹杂物。Al ₂ O ₃和Al ₂ O ₃–MgO夹杂物是主要夹杂物，主要归因于脱氧产物，液相线温度超过1600°C。Al ₂ O ₃ -MgO-CaO夹杂物是由于MgO与Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO夹杂物之间的结合以及溶解的Mg还原Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO所致。双相Al ₂ O ₃ -MgO-CaO夹杂物的特征在于纯MgO核被液相线Al ₂ O ₃ -CaO层包围，这与熔融钢中溶解的Ca和Al替代夹杂物中的MgO有关。