Cold atmospheric plasma is an ionized gas that shows promise in regenerative medical treatments, yet the mechanisms underlying its effects are still poorly understood. Plasma treatment promotes cell growth or cell death depending on the cell type and exposure parameters. To date, no early cell response to plasma, such as stress granule (SG) formation has been addressed. Cytoplasmic SGs are formed as an immediate cell response to acute stress stimuli by recruitment of over 140 proteins intertwined with cytoplasmic RNAs that leads to transient suspension of protein translation. Encouraged by the plasma effects in regenerative medicine and oncology, the atmospheric pressure plasma jet with argon gas flow is being utilized to treat SH-SY5Y cells with an inducible expression of the stress granule marker G3BP1, to gain an insight into early cell response to plasma and SG formation dynamics. Plasma effectively induces SG formation in the exposed cells in a flow/time-dependent manner, with the SG assembly clearly prompted by plasma-induced oxidative stress. Plasma causes SG formation via eIF2α-signaling, which is repressed with the SG formation inhibitor ISRIB. This insight into the early cell response to plasma treatment may lead to improved therapies in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment.

中文翻译：

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寒冷的大气血浆通过eIF2α依赖性途径诱导应激颗粒形成。

大气冷等离子体是一种离子气体，在再生医学治疗中显示出前景，但其作用机理仍知之甚少。等离子体处理根据细胞类型和暴露参数促进细胞生长或细胞死亡。迄今为止，尚未解决对血浆的早期细胞反应，例如应激颗粒（SG）的形成。细胞质SGs通过募集140多种与细胞质RNA缠绕在一起的蛋白质而形成，作为对急性应激刺激的即时细胞反应，从而导致蛋白质翻译的瞬时悬浮。受再生医学和肿瘤学中血浆效应的鼓励，带有氩气流的常压等离子体射流被用于处理可诱导表达应激颗粒标记物G3BP1的SH-SY5Y细胞，了解早期细胞对血浆和SG形成动力学的反应。血浆以与流量/时间相关的方式有效诱导裸露的细胞中的SG形成，而SG组装显然是由血浆诱导的氧化应激提示的。血浆导致SG形成通过eIF2α信号传导，该信号被SG形成抑制剂ISRIB抑制。这种对早期细胞对血浆治疗的反应的见解可能会导致再生医学和癌症治疗方法的改进。