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Unraveling the sugar code: the role of microbial extracellular glycans in plant-microbe interactions.
Journal of Experimental Botany ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 , DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa414
Alan Wanke 1, 2 , Milena Malisic 1 , Stephan Wawra 1 , Alga Zuccaro 1
Affiliation  

To defend against microbial invaders but also to establish symbiotic programs, plants need to detect the presence of microbes through the perception of molecular signatures characteristic of a whole class of microbes. Among these molecular signatures, extracellular glycans represent a structurally complex and diverse group of biomolecules that has a pivotal role in the molecular dialog between plants and microbes. Secreted glycans and glycoconjugates such as symbiotic lipochitooligosaccharides or immunosuppressive cyclic β-glucans act as microbial messengers that prepare the ground for host colonization. On the other hand, microbial cell surface glycans are important indicators of microbial presence. They are conserved structures normally exposed and thus accessible for plant hydrolytic enzymes and cell surface receptor proteins. While the immunogenic potential of bacterial cell surface glycoconjugates such as lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycan has been intensively studied in the past years, perception of cell surface glycans from filamentous microbes such as fungi or oomycetes is still largely unexplored. To date, only few studies have focused on the role of fungal-derived cell surface glycans other than chitin, highlighting a knowledge gap that needs to be addressed. The objective of this review is to give an overview on the biological functions and perception of microbial extracellular glycans, primarily focusing on their recognition and their contribution to plant–microbe interactions.

中文翻译:

解读糖代码:微生物细胞外聚糖在植物与微生物相互作用中的作用。

为了防御微生物入侵者并建立共生程序,植物需要通过感知整个微生物类别的分子特征来检测微生物的存在。在这些分子标记中,细胞外聚糖代表结构复杂多样的生物分子,在植物与微生物之间的分子对话中具有关键作用。分泌的聚糖和糖缀合物(例如共生脂低聚寡糖或免疫抑制性环状β-葡聚糖)充当微生物信使,为宿主定殖奠定了基础。另一方面,微生物细胞表面聚糖是微生物存在的重要指标。它们是通常暴露的保守结构,因此可用于植物水解酶和细胞表面受体蛋白。尽管在过去的几年中对细菌细胞表面糖缀合物(如脂多糖和肽聚糖)的免疫原性潜力进行了深入研究,但对丝状微生物(如真菌或卵菌)对细胞表面聚糖的感知仍未开发。迄今为止,只有很少的研究集中在除几丁质以外的真菌来源的细胞表面聚糖的作用上,突显了需要解决的知识空白。这篇综述的目的是概述微生物细胞外聚糖的生物学功能和感知,主要侧重于它们的识别及其对植物-微生物相互作用的贡献。丝状微生物如真菌或卵菌细胞对细胞表面聚糖的感知仍未开发。迄今为止,只有很少的研究集中在除几丁质以外的真菌来源的细胞表面聚糖的作用上,突显了需要解决的知识空白。这篇综述的目的是概述微生物细胞外聚糖的生物学功能和感知,主要侧重于它们的识别及其对植物-微生物相互作用的贡献。丝状微生物如真菌或卵菌细胞对细胞表面聚糖的感知仍未开发。迄今为止,只有很少的研究集中在除几丁质以外的真菌来源的细胞表面聚糖的作用上,突显了需要解决的知识空白。这篇综述的目的是概述微生物细胞外聚糖的生物学功能和感知,主要侧重于它们的识别及其对植物-微生物相互作用的贡献。
更新日期:2020-09-15
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