ABSTRACT Residue from processing bambara seeds is abundant in West Africa, but scientific knowledge on the suitability of this residue for improving soil fertility is limited. Bambara seed residue (BSR), at 0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha−1, was applied annually to an Ultisol in a two-year field experiment with cucumber. BSR input at 30 t ha−1 produced the highest yield of 256.80 g (= 0.46 t ha−1) compared with 25.70 g (= 0.05 t ha−1) in the control. While BSR had no effect on pH, the input at 20 and 30 t ha−1 significantly increased organic C, total N and K in the soil and increased macro-aggregation by 153% and 193% after the first and second year, respectively. Basal soil respiration at day 3–14 showed increased and rapid labile C utilisation with increased BSR input rates, followed by more persistent CO2-C evolution rates during days 14–42, and significantly higher rates in the control than in the BSR treatments during days 35–42. BSR at 30 t ha−1 increased microbial C by 159%, microbial N by 205% and improved activities of β-glucosidase and tyrosine-aminopeptidase 7.5- and 3.0-fold, respectively. However, reduced activities of S- and many C-cycle enzymes limited the suitability of BSR as a nutrient source for crop growth. Nonetheless, its potential to enhance soil structure and organic C storage in the Ultisol was beneficial and the C pool in soil treated with 30 t ha−1 BSR was sufficiently large to increase N and K availability.

中文翻译：

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用班巴拉花生籽渣改良 Ultisol 对土壤肥力、微生物养分循环和黄瓜产量的影响

摘要 加工班巴拉种子的残留物在西非丰富，但关于这种残留物是否适用于提高土壤肥力的科学知识是有限的。在为期两年的黄瓜田间试验中，每年向 Ultisol 施用 0、10、20 和 30 t ha-1 的班巴拉种子残留物 (BSR)。与对照中的 25.70 g (= 0.05 t ha-1) 相比，30 t ha-1 的 BSR 输入产生了最高的产量 256.80 g (= 0.46 t ha-1)。虽然 BSR 对 pH 没有影响，但 20 和 30 t ha-1 的输入显着增加了土壤中的有机碳、全氮和全钾，并在第一年和第二年后分别增加了 153% 和 193% 的宏观聚集。第 3-14 天的基础土壤呼吸随着 BSR 输入速率的增加显示出增加和快速的不稳定碳利用，随后在第 14-42 天期间更持久的 CO2-C 演化速率，并且在第 35-42 天，对照组的比率显着高于 BSR 处理。30 t ha-1 的 BSR 使微生物 C 增加了 159%，微生物 N 增加了 205%，β-葡萄糖苷酶和酪氨酸-氨肽酶的活性分别提高了 7.5 倍和 3.0 倍。然而，S-和许多C-循环酶的活性降低限制了BSR作为作物生长营养来源的适用性。尽管如此，其增强 Ultisol 中土壤结构和有机碳储存的潜力是有益的，并且用 30 t ha-1 BSR 处理的土壤中的碳库足够大以增加 N 和 K 的有效性。S 循环酶和许多 C 循环酶的活性降低限制了 BSR 作为作物生长营养来源的适用性。尽管如此，其增强 Ultisol 中土壤结构和有机碳储存的潜力是有益的，并且用 30 t ha-1 BSR 处理的土壤中的碳库足够大以增加 N 和 K 的可用性。S 循环酶和许多 C 循环酶的活性降低限制了 BSR 作为作物生长营养来源的适用性。尽管如此，其增强 Ultisol 中土壤结构和有机碳储存的潜力是有益的，并且用 30 t ha-1 BSR 处理的土壤中的碳库足够大以增加 N 和 K 的有效性。