Science is undergoing rapid change with the movement to improve science focused largely on reproducibility/replicability and open science practices. This moment of change—in which science turns inward to examine its methods and practices—provides an opportunity to address its historic lack of diversity and noninclusive culture. Through network modeling and semantic analysis, we provide an initial exploration of the structure, cultural frames, and women’s participation in the open science and reproducibility literatures (n = 2,926 articles and conference proceedings). Network analyses suggest that the open science and reproducibility literatures are emerging relatively independently of each other, sharing few common papers or authors. We next examine whether the literatures differentially incorporate collaborative, prosocial ideals that are known to engage members of underrepresented groups more than independent, winner-takes-all approaches. We find that open science has a more connected, collaborative structure than does reproducibility. Semantic analyses of paper abstracts reveal that these literatures have adopted different cultural frames: open science includes more explicitly communal and prosocial language than does reproducibility. Finally, consistent with literature suggesting the diversity benefits of communal and prosocial purposes, we find that women publish more frequently in high-status author positions (first or last) within open science (vs. reproducibility). Furthermore, this finding is further patterned by team size and time. Women are more represented in larger teams within reproducibility, and women’s participation is increasing in open science over time and decreasing in reproducibility. We conclude with actionable suggestions for cultivating a more prosocial and diverse culture of science.

随着科学的进步，科学正在经历着迅速的变化，这种运动主要集中在可再现性/可复制性和开放科学实践上。变革的这一时刻（科学转向研究其方法和实践）为解决其历史上缺乏多样性和非包容性文化提供了机会。通过网络建模和语义分析，我们对结构，文化框架以及女性在开放科学和可复制性文献中的参与（n= 2,926条文章和会议记录）。网络分析表明，开放科学和可重复性文献相对独立地出现，几乎没有共同的论文或作者。接下来，我们将研究文学作品是否有区别地纳入了协作，亲社会的理想，而这种理想比那些独立的，赢家通吃的方法更能吸引代表性不足的群体的成员。我们发现，开放科学具有比可再现性更紧密的联系，协作的结构。论文摘要的语义分析表明，这些文献采用了不同的文化框架：开放科学比可复制性更明确地包含了公共语言和亲社会语言。最后，与文献指出的公共和亲社会目的的多样性所带来的好处相一致，我们发现，在开放科学领域（相对于可重复性），女性在高地位的作者职位（第一或最后一位）中的发表频率更高。此外，团队的规模和时间进一步印证了这一发现。在可再现性方面，女性在较大团队中的代表更多，并且随着时间的流逝，开放科学领域中女性的参与度不断增加，而可再现性则有所下降。最后，我们提出了切实可行的建议，以培养更加亲社会和多样化的科学文化。