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AKT Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Phosphorylating NLRP3 Serine 5
The Journal of Immunology ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000649
Wei Zhao 1, 2, 3, 4 , Chong-Shan Shi 2 , Kathleen Harrison 2 , Il-Young Hwang 2 , Neel R Nabar 2 , Min Wang 3 , John H Kehrl 5
Affiliation  

Key Points AKT phosphorylates NLRP3 at S5, preventing self-oligomerization and IL-1β release. NLRP3 S5 phosphorylation prevents TRIM31-mediated degradation during LPS priming. The cytosolic pattern recognition receptor NLRP3 senses host-derived danger signals and certain microbe-derived products in both humans and rodents. NLRP3 activation assembles an inflammasome complex that contains the adapter proteins ASC and caspase-1, whose activation triggers the maturation and release of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. S5 phosphorylation of NLRP3 prevents its oligomerization and activation, whereas dephosphorylation of this residue by the phosphatase PP2A allows NLRP3 activation. However, the protein kinase that mediates NLRP3 S5 phosphorylation is unknown. In this study, we show that AKT associates with NLRP3 and phosphorylates it on S5, limiting NLRP3 oligomerization. This phosphorylation event also stabilizes NLRP3 by reducing its ubiquitination on lysine 496, which inhibits its proteasome-mediated degradation by the E3 ligase Trim31. Pharmacologic manipulation of AKT kinase activity reciprocally modulates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production. Inhibition of AKT reduced IL-1β production following the i.p. injection of LPS into mice. We propose that AKT, Trim31, and PP2A together modulate NLRP3 protein levels and the tendency to oligomerize, thereby setting a tightly regulated threshold for NLRP3 activation.

中文翻译:

AKT 通过磷酸化 NLRP3 丝氨酸 5 调节 NLRP3 炎症小体激活

关键点 AKT 在 S5 磷酸化 NLRP3,防止自身寡聚化和 IL-1β 释放。NLRP3 S5 磷酸化可防止 LPS 引发期间 TRIM31 介导的降解。细胞溶质模式识别受体 NLRP3 可感知人类和啮齿动物中宿主衍生的危险信号和某些微生物衍生的产物。NLRP3 激活组装了一个炎性体复合物,其中包含衔接蛋白 ASC 和 caspase-1,其激活触发促炎细胞因子 IL-1β 和 IL-18 的成熟和释放。NLRP3 的 S5 磷酸化阻止其寡聚化和活化,而磷酸酶 PP2A 对该残基的去磷酸化允许 NLRP3 活化。然而,介导 NLRP3 S5 磷酸化的蛋白激酶是未知的。在这项研究中,我们表明 AKT 与 NLRP3 结合并在 S5 上磷酸化它,限制 NLRP3 寡聚化。这种磷酸化事件还通过减少赖氨酸 496 上的泛素化来稳定 NLRP3,从而抑制 E3 连接酶 Trim31 对其蛋白酶体介导的降解。AKT 激酶活性的药理学操作相互调节 NLRP3 炎症小体介导的 IL-1β 产生。在向小鼠腹腔注射 LPS 后,AKT 的抑制减少了 IL-1β 的产生。我们建议 AKT、Trim31 和 PP2A 一起调节 NLRP3 蛋白水平和寡聚化趋势,从而为 NLRP3 激活设置一个严格调节的阈值。AKT 激酶活性的药理学操作相互调节 NLRP3 炎症小体介导的 IL-1β 产生。在向小鼠腹腔注射 LPS 后,AKT 的抑制减少了 IL-1β 的产生。我们建议 AKT、Trim31 和 PP2A 一起调节 NLRP3 蛋白水平和寡聚化趋势,从而为 NLRP3 激活设置一个严格调节的阈值。AKT 激酶活性的药理学操作相互调节 NLRP3 炎症小体介导的 IL-1β 产生。在向小鼠腹腔注射 LPS 后,AKT 的抑制减少了 IL-1β 的产生。我们建议 AKT、Trim31 和 PP2A 一起调节 NLRP3 蛋白水平和寡聚化趋势,从而为 NLRP3 激活设置一个严格调节的阈值。
更新日期:2020-09-14
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