A variety of data needs challenge the successful restoration and management of alosine populations, including information on the migration, mortality, behavior, demographic rates, and distribution of fish, both in riverine and marine environments. Radiotelemetry with gastric‐implanted transmitters has typically been used to answer some of these questions; however, observing alosines over extended periods and in the marine environment has remained beyond the limitations of this technology and implantation technique. To address these issues, we conducted an acoustic telemetry study on American Shad Alosa sapidissima by using surgical implantation methods. We tagged fish during 2015 (n = 46) and 2016 (n = 52) in the Charles River, Massachusetts, an urbanized watershed where American Shad were believed to be extirpated prior to restoration efforts beginning in 2006. Surgical implantation produced rates of in‐river mortality (40% overall) and posttagging fallback (39% overall) that were comparable to those from traditionally used gastric implantation methods. Data from American Shad that were retained for statistical analyses (n = 59) demonstrated that Watertown Dam (at river kilometer 14.3) impeded upstream migration and that New Boston Dam and Locks (at the mouth of the river) delayed postspawn emigration from the river. In total, 49 American Shad were detected outside of the Charles River. The distribution and low number of total detections, despite a large number of nearshore arrays, suggest that American Shad occupy waters farther offshore during their marine phase. American Shad were detected as overwintering on the Scotian Shelf (n = 5) and the Mid‐Atlantic Bight (n = 1). In 2017, 10 of the individuals that were tagged in 2016 returned to spawn, providing the first reported data on total migration timing and migratory behavior free of handling effects. Surgical implantation of acoustic telemetry tags is an effective method that can provide necessary and previously unattainable data on a species of conservation need.

中文翻译：

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通过外科手术植入美国鱼Tags中的声学标签，以解决河流和海洋修复挑战

各种各样的数据需求挑战着芦荟种群的成功恢复和管理，包括有关河流和海洋环境中的迁移，死亡率，行为，人口统计学和鱼类分布的信息。胃植入式发射机的无线电遥测通常用于回答其中的一些问题。然而，长期和在海洋环境中观察芦荟仍然超出了该技术和植入技术的限制。为了解决这些问题，我们通过手术植入方法对美国Shad Alosa sapidissima进行了声学遥测研究。我们在2015年（n  =  46）和2016年（n  = 52）位于马萨诸塞州的查尔斯河，这是一个城市化分水岭，据信美国Sha鱼在2006年开始修复工作之前就已经灭绝。手术植入产生的病死率（总体为40％）和标记后回落率（总体为39％）与传统的胃植入法相比。American Shad保留的数据用于统计分析（n  = 59）证明，沃特敦大坝（在河公里14.3处）阻碍了上游迁移，而新波士顿大坝和洛克斯河（在河口）则延迟了典当后从河中的迁移。总共在查尔斯河外发现了49个美国树荫。尽管有大量近岸阵列，但总探测物的分布和数量很少，这表明美国Shad在其海洋阶段占据了更近海域的水域。美洲鲨鱼在斯科特架子（n  =  5）和大西洋中部海岸线（n  = 1）。2017年，2016年被标记的个体中有10个人返回产卵场，首次提供了关于总迁徙时间和迁徙行为的报告数据，没有任何处理影响。声学遥测标签的手术植入是一种有效的方法，可以提供有关某种保护需求的必要和以前无法获得的数据。