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The Interactive Effects of Natural Factor and Pollution Source on Surface Water Quality in the Lower Mekong River Basin, Southwestern Vietnam
Water Resources ( IF 1 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 , DOI: 10.1134/s0097807820050024
Binh Thanh Nguyen , Long Dinh Vo , Tong Xuan Nguyen , Ngo Xuan Quang

Abstract

Surface water quality could be interactively affected by the natural factor (seasonal variation) and human pollution source (industrial, agricultural, and residential sources). The current study was conducted in Hau Giang province in southwestern Vietnam (1) to investigate the interactive effect of natural factor and human pollution source and (2) to identify potential mechanisms related to the effects on quality parameters of surface water. Water samples were taken from 29 points in 2013, 2014, and 2015 in the dry and rainy seasons in industrial, agricultural, and residential zones to measure 11 parameters. While pH, \({\text{NH}}_{4}^{ + }\), \({\text{PO}}_{4}^{{3 - }}\), and temperature were significantly higher in the dry than the rainy season, \({\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }\), dissolved oxygen (DO), and Fe were significantly affected by both experimental factors. The interactive effect of the two factors on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended solids (TSS) was significant. Residential and industrial zones had higher BOD5 and COD concentrations in the dry than in the rainy season, while agricultural zones showed no differences between the two seasons. The dilution effect in the rainy season and concentrative effect in the dry season may explain the seasonal difference in the residential and industrial zones. Meanwhile, agricultural runoff could be a mechanism to bring more organic matter to the sampling points during the rainy season, neutralizing the dilution effect. In conclusion, pollution sources such as agricultural production, residential areas, and industrial manufacturing may directly affect surface water quality, while, the seasonal variation could modify the impacts by introducing dilution and runoff effects.


中文翻译:

越南西南湄公河流域下游自然因子和污染源对地表水水质的相互作用

摘要

地表水质量可能会受到自然因素(季节变化)和人类污染源(工业,农业和居民源)的交互影响。目前的研究是在越南西南部的Hau Giang省进行的(1)研究自然因素与人类污染源的相互作用,以及(2)找出与影响地表水水质参数有关的潜在机制。在2013年,2014年和2015年的干旱和雨季,从工业,农业和居民区的29个点采集了水样,以测量11个参数。pH,\({\ text {NH}} _ {4} ^ {+} \)\({\ text {PO}} _ {4} ^ {{3-}} \)和温度均显着干旱多于雨季,\({\ text {NO}} _ {3} ^ {-} \),溶解氧(DO)和Fe均受这两个实验因素的显着影响。这两个因素对生化需氧量(BOD 5),化学需氧量(COD)和总悬浮固体(TSS)的相互作用具有显着影响。住宅和工业区的生化需氧量较高5干旱季节的COD浓度要高于雨季,而农业区在两个季节之间没有差异。雨季的稀释效应和旱季的浓缩效应可以解释居民区和工业区的季节差异。同时,农业径流可能是雨季将更多有机物带入采样点的一种机制,从而抵消了稀释作用。总之,农业生产,居民区和工业生产等污染源可能直接影响地表水水质,而季节变化可以通过引入稀释和径流效应来改变影响。
更新日期:2020-09-15
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