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Optical follow-up of the neutron star–black hole mergers S200105ae and S200115j
Nature Astronomy ( IF 14.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1038/s41550-020-1183-3
Shreya Anand , Michael W. Coughlin , Mansi M. Kasliwal , Mattia Bulla , Tomás Ahumada , Ana Sagués Carracedo , Mouza Almualla , Igor Andreoni , Robert Stein , Francois Foucart , Leo P. Singer , Jesper Sollerman , Eric C. Bellm , Bryce Bolin , M. D. Caballero-García , Alberto J. Castro-Tirado , S. Bradley Cenko , Kishalay De , Richard G. Dekany , Dmitry A. Duev , Michael Feeney , Christoffer Fremling , Daniel A. Goldstein , V. Zach Golkhou , Matthew J. Graham , Nidhal Guessoum , Matthew J. Hankins , Youdong Hu , Albert K. H. Kong , Erik C. Kool , S. R. Kulkarni , Harsh Kumar , Russ R. Laher , Frank J. Masci , Przemek Mróz , Samaya Nissanke , Michael Porter , Simeon Reusch , Reed Riddle , Philippe Rosnet , Ben Rusholme , Eugene Serabyn , R. Sánchez-Ramírez , Mickael Rigault , David L. Shupe , Roger Smith , Maayane T. Soumagnac , Richard Walters , Azamat F. Valeev

LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run revealed the first neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger candidates in gravitational waves. These events are predicted to synthesize r-process elements1,2 creating optical/near-infrared ‘kilonova’ emission. The joint gravitational wave and electromagnetic detection of an NSBH merger could be used to constrain the equation of state of dense nuclear matter3, and independently measure the local expansion rate of the Universe4. Here, we present the optical follow-up and analysis of two of the only three high-significance NSBH merger candidates detected to date, S200105ae and S200115j, with the Zwicky Transient Facility5. The Zwicky Transient Facility observed ~48% of S200105ae and ~22% of S200115j’s localization probabilities, with observations sensitive to kilonovae brighter than −17.5 mag fading at 0.5 mag d−1 in the g- and r-bands; extensive searches and systematic follow-up of candidates did not yield a viable counterpart. We present state-of-the-art kilonova models tailored to NSBH systems that place constraints on the ejecta properties of these NSBH mergers. We show that with observed depths of apparent magnitude ~22 mag, attainable in metre-class, wide-field-of-view survey instruments, strong constraints on ejecta mass are possible, with the potential to rule out low mass ratios, high black hole spins and large neutron star radii.



中文翻译:

中子星-黑洞合并S200105ae和S200115j的光学跟踪

LIGO和处女座的第三次观测揭示了引力波中的首批中子星黑洞合并候选者。预计这些事件将合成r过程元素1,2,从而产生光学/近红外“基洛诺娃”发射。NSBH合并的联合引力波和电磁检测可以用来约束致密核物质3的状态方程,并独立地测量宇宙4的局部膨胀率。在这里,我们介绍了Zwicky瞬态设备5迄今检测到的仅有的三个高重要性NSBH合并候选者中的两个S200105ae和S200115j的光学跟踪和分析。。Zwicky瞬变设施观测到S200105ae的〜48%和S200115j的〜22%的定位概率,在g和r波段,对0.5 mag d -1的千伏新星敏感,观测到的亮度比-17.5 mag衰落。候选人的广泛搜寻和系统的跟进并未产生可行的对应对象。我们介绍了针对NSBH系统量身定制的最先进的千禧年模型,这些模型对这些NSBH合并的弹出属性施加了约束。我们显示,在米级,宽视场测量仪器中可以达到的观察到的大约22 mag的深度,对射流质量的强约束是可能的,并且有可能排除低质量比,高黑洞自旋和大中子星半径。

更新日期:2020-09-14
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