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Atmospheric fine particulate matter and epithelial mesenchymal transition in pulmonary cells: state of the art and critical review of the in vitro studies.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B: Critical Reviews ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-13 , DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1816238
Margaux Cochard 1 , Frédéric Ledoux 1 , Yann Landkocz 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with several diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation are well-documented and are considered as the starting point of some of the pathological responses. However, a number of studies also focused on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a biological process involved in fibrotic diseases and cancer progression notably via metastasis induction. Up until now, EMT was widely reported in vivo and in vitro in various cell types but investigations dealing with in vitro studies of PM2.5 induced EMT in pulmonary cells are limited. Further, few investigations combined the necessary endpoints for validation of the EMT state in cells: such as expression of several surface, cytoskeleton or extracellular matrix biomarkers and activation of transcription markers and epigenetic factors. Studies explored various cell types, cultured under differing conditions and exposed for various durations to different doses. Such unharmonized protocols (1) might introduce bias, (2) make difficult comparison of results and (3) preclude reaching a definitive conclusion regarding the ability of airborne PM2.5 to induce EMT in pulmonary cells. Some questions remain, in particular the specific PM2.5 components responsible for EMT triggering. The aim of this review is to examine the available PM2.5 induced EMT in vitro studies on pulmonary cells with special emphasis on the critical parameters considered to carry out future research in this field. This clarification appears necessary for production of reliable and comparable results.



中文翻译:

肺细胞中的大气细颗粒物和上皮间质转化:现有技术和体外研究的重要综述。

摘要

接触细颗粒物(PM 2.5)与多种疾病有关,包括哮喘,慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和肺癌。氧化应激和炎症等机制已得到充分证明,并被视为某些病理反应的起点。然而,许多研究也集中于上皮-间质转化(EMT),这是一种涉及纤维化疾病和癌症进展的生物学过程,特别是通过转移诱导。迄今为止,在各种细胞类型的体内体外均广泛报道EMT,但有关PM 2.5体外研究的研究仍在进行中。肺细胞中诱导的EMT受限制。此外,很少有研究结合必要的终点来验证细胞中的EMT状态:例如几种表面,细胞骨架或细胞外基质生物标志物的表达以及转录标志物和表观遗传因子的激活。研究探索了各种细胞类型,在不同条件下进行培养,并在不同的时间段内暴露于不同的剂量。这种不统一的方案(1)可能会引入偏差,(2)难以对结果进行比较,并且(3)无法得出关于机载PM 2.5诱导肺细胞EMT能力的明确结论。仍然存在一些问题,特别是特定的PM 2.5负责EMT触发的组件。这篇综述的目的是检查可用的PM 2.5诱导的肺细胞EMT体外研究,特别强调考虑的关键参数,以进行该领域的未来研究。这种澄清似乎对于产生可靠和可比较的结果是必要的。

更新日期:2020-10-05
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