Achieving sustainable dropwise condensation is still a challenge for the industrial applications of bio‐inspired superhydrophobic surfaces in the field of phase‐change heat transfer. In this work, 3D conical microtextures covered by various nanostructures are prepared by utilizing femtosecond laser micromachining and solid–liquid reactions, where the introduction of 3D conical microtextures affected both the early distribution and the subsequent coalescence and departure of condensed droplets. Due to the growth and coalescence of condensed droplets, some merged droplets cannot depart from the surfaces due to the pinning effect caused by the localized micro‐defects of imperfect nanoscale morphology or chemical heterogeneity, thus resulting in the generation of large pinned droplets. The introduction of 3D conical microtextures helps with the departure of these pinned droplets due to the enhanced Laplace expulsion of conical morphology, which inhibits the increase of large droplets and maintains stable dropwise condensation. The results provide an engineering feasible approach to enhance the long‐term robustness of dropwise condensation on superhydrophobic surfaces, thus benefiting the optimal design of practical bio‐inspired superhydrophobic surfaces.

中文翻译：

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通过引入飞秒激光制备的3D锥形微织构增强纳米结构超疏水表面上的逐滴冷凝的长期稳定性

在相变传热领域中，实现可持续的逐滴冷凝对于生物启发的超疏水表面的工业应用仍然是一个挑战。在这项工作中，利用飞秒激光微加工和固液反应制备了被各种纳米结构覆盖的3D圆锥形微观结构，其中3D圆锥形微观结构的引入影响了冷凝液滴的早期分布以及随后的聚结和离开。由于凝结的液滴的生长和聚结，由于不完善的纳米级形态或化学异质性的局部微缺陷引起的钉扎效应，一些合并的液滴无法从表面脱离，从而导致产生大的钉扎液滴。3D圆锥形微观结构的引入由于锥形形态的拉普拉斯排出增强而有助于这些固定液滴的离开，从而抑制了大液滴的增加并保持稳定的逐滴冷凝。结果提供了一种工程可行的方法，以增强超疏水性表面上逐滴冷凝的长期稳定性，从而有益于实际的生物启发性超疏水性表面的优化设计。