In this study, we investigated whether bovine oviducts and endometria produce anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) (for paracrine and autocrine signaling). Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and western blotting detected AMH expression in oviductal and endometrial specimens. Immunohistochemistry revealed robust AMH expression in the ampulla and isthmus epithelia, and the glandular and luminal endometrial epithelia (caruncular endometria). AMH mRNA (measured by real‐time PCR) and protein expression in these layers did not significantly differ among estrous phases in adult Japanese Black (JB) heifers (p > .1). Furthermore, the expression in these layers also did not differ among Holstein cows (93.8 ± 5.8 months old), JB heifers (25.5 ± 0.4 months old), and JB cows (97.9 ± 7.9 months old). We also compared AMH concentrations in the oviduct and uterine horn fluids among the three groups (measured by immunoassays). Interestingly, the AMH concentration in the oviduct fluid, but not in the uterine horn fluid, of Holstein cows was lower than those in JB heifers and cows (p < .05). Therefore, bovine oviducts and endometria express AMH and likely secrete it into the oviduct and uterine fluids.

中文翻译：

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抗苗勒管激素由牛输卵管和子宫内膜上皮细胞表达和分泌。

在这项研究中，我们调查了牛输卵管和子宫内膜是否产生抗苗勒管激素 (AMH)（用于旁分泌和自分泌信号）。逆转录聚合酶链反应和蛋白质印迹检测输卵管和子宫内膜标本中的 AMH 表达。免疫组织化学显示在壶腹和峡部上皮，以及腺体和管腔子宫内膜上皮（子宫内膜子宫内膜异位症）中有强烈的 AMH 表达。这些层中的AMH mRNA（通过实时 PCR 测量）和蛋白质表达在成年日本黑 (JB) 小母牛的发情期之间没有显着差异（p > .1). 此外，这些层中的表达在荷斯坦奶牛（93.8 ± 5.8 个月大）、JB 小母牛（25.5 ± 0.4 个月大）和 JB 奶牛（97.9 ± 7.9 个月大）之间也没有差异。我们还比较了三组输卵管和子宫角液中的 AMH 浓度（通过免疫测定法测量）。有趣的是，荷斯坦奶牛输卵管液而非子宫角液中的 AMH 浓度低于 JB 小母牛和奶牛 ( p  < .05)。因此，牛输卵管和子宫内膜表达 AMH，并可能将其分泌到输卵管和子宫液中。