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Carbon and graphene quantum dots in fuel cell application: An overview
International Journal of Energy Research ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1002/er.5889 Norazuwana Shaari 1 , Siti Kartom Kamarudin 1, 2 , Raihana Bahru 3
International Journal of Energy Research ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1002/er.5889 Norazuwana Shaari 1 , Siti Kartom Kamarudin 1, 2 , Raihana Bahru 3
Affiliation
Carbon quantum dots (CQD) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been mentioned frequently. They have been selected in recent studies as they have unique and remarkable potential, especially in electrical, optical, and optoelectrical properties. CQD and GQDs have very high chemical and physical stability due to inherent inert carbon material, thus newly recognized as a kind of quantum dots material. Its environmentally friendly, non‐toxic, and naturally inactive nature is also a major attraction for scientists around the world. In this work, CQD and GQDs production methods are discussed in detail, including soft‐template method, hydrothermal method, microwave‐assisted hydrothermal (MAH) method, metal‐catalyzed method, liquid exfoliation method, electron beam lithography method, and others. Additive material has been introduced in CQD and GQDs to increase the ability and performance of CQD and GQDs such as nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, fluorine, and potassium. In particular, the presence of additive material in CQD and GQDs shows an advantage in terms of energy level, which is very good at achieving specific requirements in properties such as optical, electrical, and optoelectrical. In addition, the existence of functional groups consisting of heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, and so on of zero‐dimensional carbon materials in providing an overabundance of the active electrochemical site for the reaction. The product of CQD and GQDs has various shapes and sizes influenced by several parameters such as synthesis temperature, growth time, source concentration, catalyst, and so on. The application of CQDs and GQDs composites in fuel cells has been clearly and scientifically stated as it has enhanced the performance of fuel cell technology.
中文翻译:
碳和石墨烯量子点在燃料电池中的应用:概述
经常提到碳量子点(CQD)和石墨烯量子点(GQD)。由于它们具有独特而显着的潜力,特别是在电,光和光电特性方面,它们在最近的研究中被选中。由于固有的惰性碳材料,CQD和GQD具有非常高的化学和物理稳定性,因此新近被认为是一种量子点材料。它的环保,无毒和自然惰性的性质也是世界各地科学家的主要吸引力。在这项工作中,将详细讨论CQD和GQD的生产方法,包括软模板方法,水热方法,微波辅助水热(MAH)方法,金属催化方法,液体剥离方法,电子束光刻方法等。已将添加剂材料引入CQD和GQD中,以提高CQD和GQD的能力和性能,例如氮,硫,氯,氟和钾。尤其是,在CQD和GQD中,添加材料的存在在能级方面显示出优势,这非常有助于达到诸如光学,电气和光电等特性方面的特定要求。此外,零维碳材料中由氧,氮,硫,磷,硼等杂原子组成的官能团的存在为反应提供了过多的活性电化学位。CQD和GQD的产物具有多种形状和大小,受多种参数的影响,例如合成温度,生长时间,源浓度,催化剂等。
更新日期:2020-09-14
中文翻译:
碳和石墨烯量子点在燃料电池中的应用:概述
经常提到碳量子点(CQD)和石墨烯量子点(GQD)。由于它们具有独特而显着的潜力,特别是在电,光和光电特性方面,它们在最近的研究中被选中。由于固有的惰性碳材料,CQD和GQD具有非常高的化学和物理稳定性,因此新近被认为是一种量子点材料。它的环保,无毒和自然惰性的性质也是世界各地科学家的主要吸引力。在这项工作中,将详细讨论CQD和GQD的生产方法,包括软模板方法,水热方法,微波辅助水热(MAH)方法,金属催化方法,液体剥离方法,电子束光刻方法等。已将添加剂材料引入CQD和GQD中,以提高CQD和GQD的能力和性能,例如氮,硫,氯,氟和钾。尤其是,在CQD和GQD中,添加材料的存在在能级方面显示出优势,这非常有助于达到诸如光学,电气和光电等特性方面的特定要求。此外,零维碳材料中由氧,氮,硫,磷,硼等杂原子组成的官能团的存在为反应提供了过多的活性电化学位。CQD和GQD的产物具有多种形状和大小,受多种参数的影响,例如合成温度,生长时间,源浓度,催化剂等。