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What do we know about pre- and postoperative plasticity in patients with glioma? A review of neuroimaging and intraoperative mapping studies
NeuroImage: Clinical ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102435
Elisa Cargnelutti 1 , Tamara Ius 2 , Miran Skrap 2 , Barbara Tomasino 1
Affiliation  

Brain plasticity potential is a central theme in neuro-oncology and is currently receiving increased attention. Advances in treatment have prolonged life expectancy in neuro-oncological patients and the long-term preservation of their quality of life is, therefore, a new challenge. To this end, a better understanding of brain plasticity mechanisms is vital as it can help prevent permanent deficits following neurosurgery.

Indeed, reorganization processes can be fundamental to prevent or recover neurological and cognitive deficits by reallocating brain functions outside the lesioned areas. According to more recent studies in the literature, brain reorganization taking place following neurosurgery is associated with good neurofunctioning at follow-up. Interestingly, in the last few years, the number of reports on plasticity has notably increased.

Aim of the current review was to provide a comprehensive overview of pre- and postoperative neuroplasticity patterns. Within this framework, we aimed to shed light on some tricky issues, including i) involvement of the contralateral healthy hemisphere, ii) role and potential changes of white matter and connectivity patterns, and iii) reorganization in low- versus high-grade gliomas.

We finally discussed the practical implications of these aspects and role of additional potentially relevant factors to be explored. Final purpose was to provide a guideline helpful in promoting increase in the extent of tumor resection while preserving the patients’ neurological and cognitive functioning.



中文翻译:

我们对神经胶质瘤患者的术前和术后可塑性了解多少?神经影像学和术中作图研究综述

脑可塑性潜力是神经肿瘤学的中心主题,目前正受到越来越多的关注。治疗的进步延长了神经肿瘤患者的预期寿命,因此,长期保持其生活质量是新的挑战。为此,更好地了解大脑可塑性机制至关重要,因为它可以帮助预防神经外科手术后的永久性缺陷。

的确,重组过程可以通过在患病区域外重新分配大脑功能来预防或恢复神经和认知缺陷。根据文献中的最新研究,神经外科手术后发生的大脑重组与随访时良好的神经功能有关。有趣的是,在最近几年中,有关可塑性的报告数量显着增加。

本综述的目的是提供术前和术后神经可塑性模式的全面概述。在此框架内,我们旨在阐明一些棘手的问题,包括:i)对侧健康半球的参与; ii)白质和连接模式的作用和潜在变化,以及iii)低级高级神经胶质瘤的重组。

最后,我们讨论了这些方面的实际含义以及要探索的其他潜在相关因素的作用。最终目的是提供一个指南,以帮助促进肿瘤切除范围的扩大,同时保留患者的神经和认知功能。

更新日期:2020-09-25
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