Abstract A series of environmentally friendly and low-cost seaweed-derived biochar catalysts (SDBCs) were prepared. Results indicated that metals modified SDBCs at high temperature displayed highly developed porous structures and more aromatic rings with no less than 6 benzene rings along with defects and heteroatoms. The inorganic minerals were mostly present in the form of NaCl and KCl in the seaweed-derived biochars. Subsequently, the performance of SDBCs was examined through ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of Enteromorpha clathrate. Results demonstrated that biooils from catalytic pyrolysis exhibited higher (H/C)eff and HHVs in comparison to the control. Interestingly, the carboxylic acids were decreased significantly after using SDBCs. The mechanism is that a significant amount of hydroxyl groups existed in biochar could react with carboxylic group to form FAMEs. Additionally, the metals Cu, Ce and Fe loaded on the BC-800 catalyst had particular effects on the C–C bond and - C = O - units in the pyrolysis volatiles. It was suggested that Cu-BC-800 catalyst was a promising metal modified biochar catalyst for producing acid-free biooils containing abundant esters and sugars.

中文翻译：

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具有多个活性位点的海藻衍生生物炭作为多相催化剂将大型藻类转化为含有丰富酯类和糖类物质的无酸生物油

摘要 制备了一系列环保、低成本的海藻衍生生物炭催化剂（SDBCs）。结果表明，金属在高温下修饰的 SDBCs 显示出高度发达的多孔结构和更多的芳香环，其中含有不少于 6 个苯环以及缺陷和杂原子。无机矿物质主要以 NaCl 和 KCl 的形式存在于海藻衍生生物炭中。随后，通过浒苔包合物的异位催化热解来检查 SDBC 的性能。结果表明，与对照相比，来自催化热解的生物油表现出更高的 (H/C) eff 和 HHV。有趣的是，使用 SDBC 后羧酸显着减少。其机制是生物炭中存在的大量羟基可以与羧基反应形成 FAME。此外，负载在 BC-800 催化剂上的金属 Cu、Ce 和 Fe 对热解挥发物中的 C-C 键和 - C = O - 单元有特殊影响。结果表明，Cu-BC-800 催化剂是一种很有前途的金属改性生物炭催化剂，可用于生产含有丰富酯类和糖类的无酸生物油。