Virus severely endangers human life and health, and the detection of viruses is essential for the prevention and treatment of associated diseases. Metal-organic framework (MOF), a novel hybrid porous material which is bridged by the metal clusters and organic linkers, has become a promising biosensor platform for virus detection due to its outstanding properties including high surface area, adjustable pore size, easy modification, etc. However, the MOF-based sensing platforms for virus detection are rarely summarized. This review systematically divided the detection platforms into nucleic acid and immunological (antigen and antibody) detection, and the underlying sensing mechanisms were interpreted. The nucleic acid sensing was discussed based on the properties of MOF (such as metal ion, functional group, geometry structure, size, porosity, stability, etc.), revealing the relationship between the sensing performance and properties of MOF. Moreover, antibodies sensing based on the fluorescence detection and antigens sensing based on molecular imprinting or electrochemical immunoassay were highlighted. Furthermore, the remaining challenges and future development of MOF for virus detection were further discussed and proposed. This review will provide valuable references for the construction of sophisticated sensing platform for the detection of viruses, especially the 2019 coronavirus.

病毒严重危害人类生命和健康，检测病毒对于预防和治疗相关疾病至关重要。金属有机骨架（MOF）是一种新型的杂化多孔材料，它通过金属簇和有机连接物桥接，由于其出色的特性（包括高表面积，可调节的孔径，易于修饰，但是，基于MOF的病毒检测传感平台很少被概述。这篇综述系统地将检测平台分为核酸和免疫学（抗原和抗体）检测，并解释了潜在的传感机制。基于MOF的特性（例如金属离子，官能团，几何结构，尺寸，孔隙率，稳定性等），揭示了MOF的传感性能与特性之间的关系。此外，突出了基于荧光检测的抗体感测和基于分子印迹或电化学免疫测定的抗原感测。此外，进一步讨论并提出了MOF用于病毒检测的剩余挑战和未来的发展。这篇综述将为构建用于检测病毒特别是2019年冠状病毒的复杂传感平台提供有价值的参考。进一步讨论并提出了MOF用于病毒检测的其余挑战和未来的发展。这篇综述将为构建用于检测病毒特别是2019年冠状病毒的复杂传感平台提供有价值的参考。进一步讨论并提出了MOF用于病毒检测的其余挑战和未来的发展。这篇综述将为构建用于检测病毒特别是2019年冠状病毒的复杂传感平台提供有价值的参考。