In an attempt to mimic the outstanding mechanical properties of wood and bone, a 3D heterogeneous chemistry approach has been used in a biomorphic transformation process (in which sintering is avoided) to fabricate ceramics from rattan wood, preserving its hierarchical fibrous microstructure. The resulting material (called biomorphic apatite ​[BA] henceforth) possesses a highly bioactive composition and is characterised by a multiscale hierarchical pore structure, based on nanotwinned hydroxyapatite lamellae, which is shown to display a lacunar fractal nature. The mechanical properties of BA are found to be exceptional (when compared with usual porous hydroxyapatite and other ceramics obtained from wood through sintering) and unique ​as they occupy a zone in the Ashby map previously free from ceramics, but not far from wood and bone. Mechanical tests show the following: (i) the strength in tension may exceed that in compression, (ii) failure in compression involves complex exfoliation patterns, thus resulting in high toughness, (iii) unlike in sintered porous hydroxyapatite, fracture does not occur ‘instantaneously,’ ​but its growth may be observed, and it exhibits tortuous patterns that follow the original fibrillar structure of wood, thus yielding outstanding toughness, (iv) the anisotropy of the elastic stiffness and strength show unprecedented values when situations of stresses parallel and orthogonal to the main channels are compared. Despite being a ceramic material, BA displays a mechanical behavior similar on the one hand to the ligneous material from which it was produced (therefore behaving as a ‘ceramic with the signature of wood’) and on the other hand to the cortical/spongy osseous complex constituting the structure of compact bone.

为了模仿木材和骨骼的出色机械性能，在生物形态转换过程（避免烧结）中使用了3D异质化学方法从藤制木材中制造陶瓷，从而保留了其分层的纤维微结构。所得材料（此后称为生物形态磷灰石[BA]）具有高生物活性成分，并具有基于纳米孪生羟基磷灰石薄片的多尺度层次孔结构特征，已显示出腔隙分形性质。发现BA的机械性能非常出色（与通常的多孔羟基磷灰石和其他通过烧结从木材中获得的陶瓷相比）和独特性，因为它们占据了Ashby地图中以前没有陶瓷的区域，但距离木材和骨头不远。机械测试表明：（i）抗拉强度可能超过压缩强度，（ii）压缩破坏涉及复杂的剥落模式，从而导致高韧性，（iii）与烧结多孔羟基磷灰石不同，不会发生断裂。瞬间''，但可能会观察到它的生长，并且表现出遵循木材原始纤维状结构的曲折图案，从而产生出色的韧性。（iv）当应力平行且弯曲时，弹性刚度和强度的各向异性显示出空前的值。比较正交于主通道。尽管是陶瓷材料，