Owing to its high abundance, high availability, and eco-friendly properties, lignin is currently considered a potential candidate for replacement of petroleum-based plastics. However, the direct incorporation of lignin in bioplastics is not highly efficient and is difficult to carry out due to the complex and heterogeneous structure of lignin. In order to utilize lignin in the production of value-added bioplastics, many processes have been investigated to modify lignin to obtain desired macromonomers possessing enhanced properties compared to lignin itself. In this review, depolymerization via liquefaction and chemical modification of lignin are discussed as two main approaches in order to evaluate the utilization of lignin in bioplastics applications. The optimal conditions for each process are discussed to provide a more detailed outlook. In addition, we also provide an overview of some common bioplastics as well as practical applications. Due to their high performance, these bioplastics are expected to be feasibly commercialized in the near future.

中文翻译：

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基于木质素残渣降解化学改性的生物塑料绿色制备

由于其丰度高、可用性高和生态友好的特性，木质素目前被认为是替代石油基塑料的潜在候选者。然而，由于木质素的复杂和异质结构，将木质素直接掺入生物塑料效率不高且难以进行。为了在高附加值生物塑料的生产中利用木质素，已经研究了许多方法来改性木质素以获得与木质素本身相比具有增强特性的所需大分子单体。在这篇综述中，通过液化和化学改性木质素的解聚被讨论为两种主要方法，以评估木质素在生物塑料应用中的利用。讨论了每个过程的最佳条件，以提供更详细的前景。此外，我们还概述了一些常见的生物塑料以及实际应用。由于它们的高性能，这些生物塑料有望在不久的将来实现商业化。