Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can be used as smart drug carriers and tailored with antibody-like properties. For alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD), MIP nanoparticles, capable of trypsin binding to inhibit tryptic activity and controlled delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs, have the potential to prevent A1ATD-caused tissue damage and inflammation. Herein, trypsin-imprinted colloid particles were first synthesized via a solid-phase interfacial imprinting method. The inhibitory effect on trypsin activity implied the prospects of trypsin-imprinted nanoparticles for A1ATD treatment. In addition, a second-step imprinting of anti-inflammatory drug salicylic acid led to dual-imprinted nanoparticles. Since the shell contains imprinted salicylic acid, the nanoparticles thus could be applied for diffusion-controlled release of anti-inflammatory drug, indicating its potential to reduce tissue damage induced inflammation. Our results suggest that the dual-imprinted nanoparticles could be used as multifunctional artificial antitrypsin and provide a hint for the development of versatile nanomedicine system for A1ATD treatment.

分子印迹聚合物（MIP）可用作智能药物载体，并具有类似抗体的特性。对于α-1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症（A1ATD），能够与胰蛋白酶结合以抑制胰蛋白酶活性并控制抗炎药递送的MIP纳米颗粒具有预防A1ATD引起的组织损伤和炎症的潜力。在此，首先通过固相界面印迹法合成胰蛋白酶印迹的胶体颗粒。对胰蛋白酶活性的抑制作用暗示了胰蛋白酶印迹纳米颗粒用于A1ATD治疗的前景。另外，消炎药水杨酸的第二步印迹导致了双印迹纳米颗粒。由于贝壳中含有水杨酸，因此，该纳米颗粒可用于抗炎药的扩散控制释放，表明其减少组织损伤引起的炎症的潜力。我们的结果表明，双印迹纳米颗粒可用作多功能人工抗胰蛋白酶，并为开发用于A1ATD的多功能纳米药物系统提供了提示。