Climate sensitive primary industries including pastoral farming, high-value horticulture and viticulture are central to Aotearoa-New Zealand’s economy. While advances have been made in understanding the impacts and implications of climate change critical knowledge gaps remain, particularly for adaptation. This study develops and applies a novel methodology to identify and characterise adaptation knowledge for primary industries. The basis for the review is ten years’ of research and action under the Sustainable Land Management and Climate Change (SLMACC) program, supplemented with a systematic review of the published literature. Reports (n = 32) and literature (n = 22) are reviewed and assessed using the Adaptation Knowledge Cycle to characterise analytical and empirical foci. The detailed assessment of knowledge for Impacts, Implications, Decisions or Actions enables a robust and rigorous assessment of existing knowledge, identifies critical research gaps and emerging needs. Results show research to date has focused almost exclusively on understanding the impact of climate variability and extremes on land management. There are significant empirical (e.g. location and sector) and methodological (e.g. integrated assessments, scenarios, and vulnerability assessment) gaps, for at risk regions and sectors, and limited understanding of the decisions and actions necessary to enable successful adaptation. To inform future adaptation planning, additional work is required to better understand the implications, decision-making processes and obstacles to action. More detailed understanding of location-, season-, time- and sector-specific responses to climate change is also necessary. Findings advance our understanding of adaptation knowledge and reflect on diversity of information necessary to enable and sustain resilient rural futures and provide a conceptual and methodological basis for similar assessments elsewhere.

对气候敏感的第一产业，包括牧业，高价值园艺和葡萄栽培，对新西兰的奥特罗阿（Aotearoa）经济至关重要。尽管在了解气候变化的影响和影响方面取得了进展，但仍然存在着严重的知识空白，特别是在适应方面。这项研究开发并应用了一种新颖的方法来识别和表征针对第一产业的适应知识。审查的基础是在可持续土地管理和气候变化（SLMACC）计划下进行的十年研究和行动，同时对公开发表的文献进行了系统的审查。报告（n  = 32）和文献（n = 22）使用适应知识周期进行回顾和评估，以表征分析和经验重点。对影响，暗示，决策或行动的知识进行详细评估，可以对现有知识进行有力且严格的评估，确定关键的研究差距和新出现的需求。结果表明，迄今为止的研究几乎完全集中在了解气候变化和极端气候对土地管理的影响上。对于处于风险地区和部门，在经验（例如位置和部门）和方法（例如综合评估，方案和脆弱性评估）方面存在重大差距，并且对成功实施适应性决策和行动的了解有限。为了为将来的适应计划提供依据，需要进行其他工作才能更好地理解其含义，决策过程和行动障碍。还需要更详细地了解气候变化对地点，季节，时间和部门的响应。研究结果提高了我们对适应知识的理解，并反思了实现和维持有弹性的农村未来所必需的信息多样性，并为其他地方的类似评估提供了概念和方法基础。