This study investigated the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) using a high-gravity technique mediated by Salvia hispanica leaf extracts. Biological assays confirmed their antibacterial activity against gram positive (S. aureus) and gram negative (E. coli) bacteria with significant antioxidant activity in comparison with the standards as well as low cellular toxicity on PC12 and HEK293 cell lines. To the best of our knowledge, this study can be considered as the first investigation of Pd-NPs synthesized by Salvia hispanica leaf extracts assisted by a high-gravity technique. In addition, the mentioned green synthesis procedure led to the formation of nanoparticles with considerable antibacterial properties independent of the morphology and texture of the green media of these nanoparticles. Considering the increasing rate of antimicrobial resistant bacteria deaths worldwide, this study introduces a novel green synthesis method and non-antibiotic nanoparticle which should be studied for a wide range of medical applications.

本研究使用由西班牙鼠尾草叶提取物介导的高重力技术研究了 Pd 纳米粒子 (NPs) 的合成。生物测定证实了它们对革兰氏阳性（金黄色葡萄球菌）和革兰氏阴性（大肠杆菌）细菌的抗菌活性，与标准相比具有显着的抗氧化活性以及对 PC12 和 HEK293 细胞系的低细胞毒性。据我们所知，这项研究可以被认为是对西班牙鼠尾草合成的 Pd-NPs 的首次研究。叶提取物辅助高重力技术。此外，所提到的绿色合成程序导致形成具有相当大的抗菌性能的纳米颗粒，而与这些纳米颗粒的绿色介质的形态和质地无关。考虑到全球抗菌素耐药菌死亡率不断上升，本研究介绍了一种新的绿色合成方法和非抗生素纳米颗粒，应该对其进行广泛的医学应用研究。