In this study, four Fe–13Cr–4Al alloys with different Nb contents (0–1.5 wt%) were prepared by using vacuum induction melting, forging, hot rolling, and cold rolling. The effects of annealing temperature (600 °C–1100 °C) and the Nb contents on the microstructure, textures as well as tensile properties were investigated. The dispersion of fine Fe₂Nb-type Laves phase particles was observed in the BCC matrix and along grain boundaries. These particles effectively pinned dislocations and boundaries, resulting in stabilizing the microstructure, delaying the recrystallization temperatures and refining the recrystallized grains. The Laves phase particles were also able to retard the nucleation and growth of the γ fiber grains, therefore Nb-containing alloys had weak recrystallized γ fibers, which was beneficial to improve the processing properties of Fe–13Cr–4Al alloys. As the annealing temperature increased, the strengths decreased while the elongation increased. Because of the effects of solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and fine grain strengthening produced by the addition of Nb element, the strength and hardness of the alloys increased with the increase of Nb content. Comprehensively considering the microstructure and mechanical properties, the suitable addition of Nb content was 1 wt%, and the optimum annealing treatment after cold-rolling with 50% thickness reduction was at 700 °C for 30 min.

在这项研究中，通过使用真空感应熔炼，锻造，热轧和冷轧制备了四种具有不同Nb含量（0-1.5 wt％）的Fe-13Cr-4Al合金。研究了退火温度（600°C–1100°C）和Nb含量对显微组织，织构以及拉伸性能的影响。细铁₂的分散在BCC基质中和沿晶界观察到Nb型Laves相颗粒。这些颗粒有效地钉扎了位错和边界，从而使微观结构稳定，延迟了再结晶温度并细化了再结晶晶粒。Laves相颗粒还能够阻止γ纤维晶粒的形核和生长，因此含Nb的合金具有较弱的重结晶γ纤维，这有利于改善Fe-13Cr-4Al合金的加工性能。随着退火温度的升高，强度降低，而伸长率升高。由于添加了Nb元素而产生的固溶强化，析出强化和细晶粒强化的效果，合金的强度和硬度随着Nb含量的增加而增加。