Crop diversity may mediate the intensity of weed-crop competition by altering soil nutrient availability and plant-soil microbe interactions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to analyze weed-crop competition in soils with varying crop diversity legacies. Soil greenhouse treatments included field soils (i.e., soil nutrient and microbial legacies), a sterile greenhouse potting mix inoculated with microorganisms of the field soils (i.e., microbial legacies), and a sterile greenhouse potting mix. Soils for the greenhouse experiment were sampled and assessed after two-years of conditioning with annual and perennial cropping systems under four levels of intercrop diversity. The greenhouse experiment involved growing one sorghum sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × S. sudanese Piper) crop plant and zero to six common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) weed plants in soil from each diversity and cropping system treatment. The weed density treatments created a weed-crop competition gradient, which was used to quantify legacy effects of crop diversity. Weed-crop competition increased with crop diversity in both the field soil and inoculated soil treatments in the annual system. In the perennial system, differences in weed-crop competition intensity were driven by crop yield potential. In the perennial field soil treatment, crop yield potential was greatest in the highest diversity treatment, whereas in the perennial inoculated soil treatment, crop yield potential was greatest in the lowest diversity treatment. Results show potential for negative effects from previous crop diversity on weed-crop competition, and the divergent impact of microbial and nutrient legacies on crop yield potential. Future research should aim to evaluate the consistency of legacy effects and identify principles that can guide soil and crop management, especially in conservation agriculture where soil tillage and its microbial legacy reducing effects are minimized.

中文翻译：

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土壤对杂草作物竞争的影响：阐明一年生和多年生间作多样性多样性遗产的作用

作物多样性可能会通过改变土壤养分的可利用性和植物-土壤微生物的相互作用来介导杂草与作物的竞争。进行了温室试验，以分析具有不同作物多样性遗产的土壤中的杂草/作物竞争。土壤温室处理包括田间土壤（即土壤养分和微生物遗留物），接种了田间土壤微生物（即微生物遗留物）的无菌温室盆栽混合物和无菌温室盆栽混合物。在四个间作多样性水平下，使用一年生和多年生种植系统进行两年的调节后，对用于温室试验的土壤进行采样和评估。温室试验涉及种植一个高粱苏丹草（高粱双色（L.）Moench× S. sudanese吹笛者）作物工厂和零到六个普通羊羔（藜属专辑）L.）杂草植物在土壤中的每种多样性和耕作系统的处理作用。杂草密度处理产生了杂草/作物竞争梯度，该梯度用于量化作物多样性的遗留效应。一年生田间土壤和接种土壤处理的杂草/作物竞争随着作物多样性的增加而增加。在多年生系统中，杂草与作物竞争强度的差异是由作物产量潜力驱动的。在多年生大田土壤处理中，最高多样性处理的农作物产量潜力最大，而在多年生接种土壤处理中，最低多样性处理的农作物产量潜力最大。结果表明，先前作物多样性对杂草作物竞争产生负面影响的可能性，以及微生物和营养遗产对作物产量潜力的不同影响。