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Structure of an Atmospheric River Over Australia and the Southern Ocean. Part I: Tropical and Midlatitude Water Vapor Fluxes
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032513
Robert M. Rauber 1 , Huancui Hu 2 , Francina Dominguez 1 , Stephen W. Nesbitt 1 , Greg M. McFarquhar 3 , Troy J. Zaremba 1 , Joseph A. Finlon 1, 4
Affiliation  

An atmospheric river (AR) impacting Tasmania, Australia, and the Southern Ocean during the austral summer on 28–29 January 2018 during the Southern Ocean Clouds, Radiation, Aerosol Transport Experimental Study campaign is analyzed using a modeling and observational approach. Gulfstream‐V dropsonde measurements and Global Precipitation Measurement radar analyses were used in conjunction with Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations with water vapor tracers to investigate the relative contributions of tropical and midlatitude moisture sources to the AR. Moisture associated with a monsoonal tropical depression became entrained into a midlatitude frontal system that extended to 60°S, reaching the associated low‐pressure system 850 km off the coast of Antarctica—effectively connecting the tropics and the polar region. Tropical moisture contributed to about 50% of the precipitable water within the AR as the flow moved over the Southern Ocean near Tasmania. The tropical contribution to precipitation decreased with latitude, from >70% over Australia, to ~50% off the Australian coast, to less than 5% poleward of 55°S. The integrated vapor transport (IVT) through the core of the AR reached above 500 kg m−1 s−1 during 1200 UTC 28 January to 0600 UTC 29 January, 1.29 times the average amount of water carried by the world's largest terrestrial river, the Amazon. The high IVT strength might be attributed to the higher water vapor content associated with the warmer temperatures across Australia and the Southern Ocean in austral summer.

中文翻译:

澳大利亚和南大洋上的大气河结构。第一部分:热带和中纬水蒸汽通量

使用建模和观测方法分析了2018年1月28日至29日南方夏季发生的影响塔斯马尼亚岛,澳大利亚和南大洋的大气河(AR)。湾流V探空仪测量和全球降水测量雷达分析与带有水汽示踪剂的天气研究和预报模型模拟一起使用,以调查热带和中纬度水源对AR的相对贡献。与季风性热带低压相关的水分被带入中纬度额叶系统,该系统延伸至60°S,到达距南极海岸850公里的相关低压系统,有效地连接了热带和极地地区。随着水流在塔斯马尼亚附近的南大洋上空移动,热带湿气在AR中贡献了约50%的可降水量。热带对降水的贡献随着纬度的增加而下降,从澳大利亚的70%以上,到澳大利亚海岸的〜50%,到55°S的极点以下不到5%。通过AR核心的综合蒸汽传输量(IVT)达到500 kg m以上1月28日的1200 UTC到1月29日的0600 UTC的-1  s -1,是世界上最大的陆地河流亚马逊河平均载水量的1.29倍。IVT强度高可能归因于较高的水汽含量,而夏季澳大利亚南部和南大洋的温度较高。
更新日期:2020-09-21
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