Indole-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene ligands were synthesized and evaluated through both computational and experimental methods. The performances of medium-sized imidazolylidenes IIn3 and IIn4 were comparable to IPr in the Cu(I)-catalyzed carboxylation of organoboronic esters.

中文翻译：

---

吲哚取代的N-杂环卡宾配体的合成与评价

合成并通过计算和实验方法对吲哚取代的N-杂环卡宾配体进行了合成和评估。在Cu（I）催化的有机硼酸酯的羧化反应中，中等大小的咪唑基亚胺IIn3和IIn4的性能与IPr相当。