Attachment of bacteria and subsequent formation of biofilms on material surfaces lead to serious consequences including infection, contamination and biofouling, posing a prominent threat to human health and causing problems in many industries. Therefore, it is highly desirable to endow the surfaces with antibacterial properties. Traditional antibacterial surfaces are designed followed by either bacteria-resisting strategy to prevent the initial adhesion of bacteria or bacteria-killing strategy to eradicate any bacteria that attach to the surface. However, these single-function surfaces have their inherent shortcomings and cannot realize a long-term efficacy against bacteria. In recent years, various dual-function antibacterial surfaces with both bacteria-resisting and bacteria-killing properties together have been developed, showing better performance for combating surface-attached bacteria and preventing formation of biofilms. In this review, we summarize the recent development of these dual-function antibacterial surfaces. We focus on the design principles and fabrication strategies of such surfaces and highlight the representative examples, which are categorized specifically into two types according to the anti-adhesive and bactericidal properties are simultaneous or switchable. A brief perspective is finally presented on current challenges and future research directions.

细菌的附着以及随后在材料表面形成生物膜会导致严重的后果，包括感染，污染和生物污染，对人类健康构成重大威胁，并在许多行业中引起问题。因此，非常需要赋予表面抗菌性能。在设计传统的抗菌表面之后，要采用防止细菌最初粘附的抗细菌策略，或根除附着在表面上的任何细菌的杀死细菌策略。但是，这些单功能表面具有其固有的缺点，不能实现对细菌的长期功效。近年来，已开发出兼具抗细菌和杀细菌特性的各种双功能抗菌表面，在对抗表面附着细菌和防止生物膜形成方面表现出更好的性能。在这篇综述中，我们总结了这些双重功能抗菌表面的最新发展。我们着重于此类表面的设计原理和制造策略，并突出了代表性的例子，根据抗粘连性和杀菌性能是同时还是可切换的，将其具体分为两种类型。最后简要介绍了当前的挑战和未来的研究方向。我们着重于此类表面的设计原理和制造策略，并突出了代表性的例子，根据抗粘连性和杀菌性能是同时还是可切换的，将其具体分为两种类型。最后简要介绍了当前的挑战和未来的研究方向。我们着重于此类表面的设计原理和制造策略，并突出了代表性的例子，根据抗粘连性和杀菌性能是同时还是可切换的，将其具体分为两种类型。最后简要介绍了当前的挑战和未来的研究方向。