BAL cell differential counts of 133 therapy naive ILD patients and 43 patients during acute exacerbation of ILD (AE-ILD) were retrospectively evaluated.

In the 20 patients who underwent BAL both at baseline and during an AE-ILD, there was an increase in neutrophils but a decrease in macrophages and eosinophils in the BAL obtained during AE-ILD. A detectable number of basophils at the baseline was a novel risk factor for earlier death and the occurrence of AE-ILD. Total BAL cell count >160 × 10⁹/L during AE-ILD was correlated with a more favorable prognosis. BAL cell counts <20% of lymphocytes or > 20% of neutrophils during AE-ILD were associated with shorter survival.

AE-ILD exerted significant changes in BAL cell profiles in individual patients. Several BAL-parameters correlated with survival of ILD patients; of these, baseline basophils and total cell count during AE-ILD were novel prognostic markers.

回顾性评估了133例未接受过治疗的ILD患者和43例ILD急性加重期间的BAL细胞差异计数（AE-ILD）。

在基线和AE-ILD期间均接受BAL的20例患者中，AE-ILD期间获得的BAL中性粒细胞增加，但巨噬细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞减少。在基线时可检测到的嗜碱性粒细胞数量是较早死亡和AE-ILD发生的新危险因素。AE-ILD期间BAL细胞总数> 160×10 ⁹ / L与更有利的预后相关。AE-ILD期间BAL细胞计数<20％的淋巴细胞或> 20％的中性粒细胞与存活时间短有关。

AE-ILD对个别患者的BAL细胞谱有显着改变。几个BAL参数与ILD患者的存活率相关；其中，基线嗜碱粒细胞和AE-ILD期间的总细胞计数是新的预后标志物。