Abstract Thermal comfort in urban spaces has gain significance in recent years. So far, thermal comfort has been evaluated through observing and recording climatic data. This study aims at evaluating thermal comfort using perceptions of individuals as the main users of open urban spaces. It aimed to develop a structural model to rank environmental and climatic factors in order of their significance and impact on thermal comfort within open urban spaces through structural equations modeling (SEM) using partial least squares (PLS). To this end, 500 questionnaires were distributed among experts in this area, and the completed questionnaires were collected and analyzed. According to the results, air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and radiation temperature had the greatest impact on outdoor thermal comfort. In contrast, the emissivity of materials and placement in open spaces, surface transparency, and material texture had the least impact on thermal comfort in open urban spaces. The importance of this research work is further highlighted considering the role of presence in open urban spaces in the quality of life and the significant impact of thermal comfort on the improved quality of such spaces. The urban specialists, especially experts of open urban spaces, may use the results of this study to take measures for improving the quality of life of citizens.

中文翻译：

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基于个体感知的开放城市空间热舒适结构模型

摘要 近年来，城市空间的热舒适性变得越来越重要。迄今为止，热舒适性已通过观察和记录气候数据进行评估。本研究旨在利用个人作为开放城市空间的主要用户的看法来评估热舒适度。它旨在开发一个结构模型，通过使用偏最小二乘法 (PLS) 的结构方程建模 (SEM)，按照环境和气候因素的重要性和对开放城市空间内热舒适性的影响对环境和气候因素进行排序。为此，向该领域的专家发放了500份问卷，并对完成的问卷进行了收集和分析。结果表明，气温、风速、相对湿度和辐射温度对室外热舒适性的影响最大。相比之下，材料的发射率和在开放空间中的放置、表面透明度和材料质地对开放城市空间的热舒适性影响最小。考虑到开放城市空间的存在在生活质量中的作用以及热舒适度对改善此类空间质量的显着影响，进一步强调了这项研究工作的重要性。城市专家，尤其是城市开放空间专家，可以利用本研究的结果，采取措施提高市民的生活质量。考虑到开放城市空间的存在在生活质量中的作用以及热舒适度对改善此类空间质量的显着影响，进一步强调了这项研究工作的重要性。城市专家，尤其是城市开放空间专家，可以利用本研究的结果，采取措施提高市民的生活质量。考虑到开放城市空间的存在在生活质量中的作用以及热舒适度对改善此类空间质量的显着影响，进一步强调了这项研究工作的重要性。城市专家，尤其是城市开放空间专家，可以利用本研究的结果，采取措施提高市民的生活质量。