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Effects of weathered sediment-bound dilbit on freshwater amphipods (Hyalella azteca)
Aquatic Toxicology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105630
Sean Everitt , Stephanie MacPherson , Markus Brinkmann , Steve Wiseman , Gregory Pyle

Bitumen mined in the oil sands region of Northern Alberta, Canada, is diluted with natural gas condensates to form dilbit, which is transported through pipelines. Sections of these pipelines come close to freshwater ecosystems. If dilbit is spilled into or near an aquatic environment, environmental weathering processes, such as evaporation and sediment interaction, influence the fate and toxicity of dilbit to aquatic organisms. To date, most studies of the effects of dilbit on the health of aquatic organisms have not considered weathering processes. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the toxicity of weathered sediment-bound dilbit (WSD) to an aquatic organism. Adult freshwater amphipods (Hyalella azteca) were exposed directly to WSD or the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of WSD. Direct exposure to WSD resulted in oil-mineral aggregates adhering to the appendages and gas exchange structures of amphipods, causing acute lethality. After a 10-min exposure to WSD, amphipods consumed half as much oxygen and their appendage movement was impaired. Exposure to the WSF, which contained a total PAH concentration of 1.08 μg/L, did not result in acute lethality, or significantly affect respiration, activity or acetylcholinesterase activity. Results of the present study indicate that physical interaction with oil-mineral aggregates after a spill of dilbit is a threat to benthic invertebrates, whereas the WSF does not cause acute adverse effects. As the transport of dilbit through pipelines increases in North America, studies must incorporate environmental weathering processes when determining the effects of dilbit on aquatic organisms.



中文翻译:

对淡水片脚风化沉积物结合的稀释沥青的效果(Hyalella阿兹特克

在加拿大北部艾伯塔省油砂地区开采的沥青用天然气凝析油稀释形成dilbit,并通过管道运输。这些管道的各个部分靠近淡水生态系统。如果将百草枯洒到水生环境中或附近,环境风化过程(例如蒸发和沉积物相互作用)会影响百草枯对水生生物的命运和毒性。迄今为止,大多数关于迪比特对水生生物健康影响的研究都没有考虑风化过程。因此,本研究的目的是评估风化的泥沙结合的Dilbit(WSD)对水生生物的毒性。成人淡水两栖动物(Hyalella azteca)直接暴露于WSD或WSD的水溶性部分(WSF)中。直接暴露于WSD会导致油-矿物聚集体附着在两栖动物的附肢和气体交换结构上,从而导致致命的杀伤力。在WSD暴露10分钟后,两栖类动物消耗的氧气量仅为其一半,其肢体活动受到损害。暴露于总PAH浓度为1.08μg/ L的WSF中,不会导致急性致死性,也不会显着影响呼吸,活性或乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。本研究的结果表明,在发生溢油事故后,与石油矿物聚集体的物理相互作用是对底栖无脊椎动物的威胁,而WSF不会引起急性不良反应。随着北美地区通过管道进行的Dilbit运输越来越多,

更新日期:2020-09-21
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