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Sensitivity analysis of core slumping and debris quenching behavior of Fukushima Daiichi Unit-3 accident
Annals of Nuclear Energy ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2020.107819
Xin Li , Ikken Sato , Akifumi Yamaji , Mariko Regalado , Jun Wang

Abstract The Great East Japan earthquake and the subsequent tsunami which occurred on March 11th, 2011 put the operating Units 1–3 at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) in severe accident conditions and core meltdown due to station blackout. Although research efforts have been made by various parties to study the accident scenarios since the Fukushima accident, there remain unresolved issues regarding the core degradation behavior suggested by measurement data such as water level, Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) pressure and Primary Containment Vessel (PCV) pressure. To analyze and resolve such issues would be helpful to promote further understanding of the severe accident scenario at Fukushima units as well as the decommissioning work undergoing. The current study focuses on a detailed analysis of the RPV pressure peak event that occurred in Unit-3 at 12:00 on March 13th 2011. Sensitivity analysis cases were carried out with MELCOR 2.2 code i with sensitivity parameters that can influence the RPV pressure behavior, such as the debris quenching heat transfer coefficient, the number of opening SRVs during the RPV pressure peak event, amount of core slumping and particulate debris diameter. The cases that could reproduce the RPV pressure peak were further discussed to show likely debris bed energy history and the water mass history in the lower plenum during the RPV pressure peak event. The current study suggests that 1) Opening of SRVs equivalent to the total area of 4–6 fully-open SRVs (or equivalent leak area) could have occurred during the pressurization phase of the RPV accompanied by heavy debris quenching effect, while the opening of SRVs equivalent to a total area of at least 2 fully-open SRVs (or equivalent leak area) could have occurred during the depressurization phase of the RPV accompanied by moderate debris quenching effect. 2) The particulate debris diameter is not a very sensitive parameter when evaluating the debris quenching effect of Unit-3 in the current MELCOR modeling. 3) The current modeling suggests that around 70–110 GJ of energy can be removed by coolant during the debris quenching period with 30 tons of water reduction from the lower plenum.

中文翻译:

福岛第一核电站3号机组堆芯坍塌及碎片淬火行为敏感性分析

摘要 2011 年 3 月 11 日发生的东日本大地震和随后发生的海啸使福岛第一核电站 (NPP) 的 1-3 号机组处于严重事故状态,并因停电而发生堆芯熔毁。尽管自福岛事故以来,各方已经为研究事故情景做出了研究努力,但关于水位、反应堆压力容器 (RPV) 压力和主安全壳 (PCV) 等测量数据表明的堆芯退化行为仍然存在未解决的问题。 ) 压力。分析和解决这些问题将有助于进一步了解福岛机组的严重事故情景以及正在进行的退役工作。目前的研究重点是对 2011 年 3 月 13 日 12:00 发生在 Unit-3 的 RPV 压力峰值事件进行了详细分析。 敏感性分析案例是使用 MELCOR 2.2 代码 i 进行的,敏感性参数可以影响 RPV 压力行为,如碎屑淬火传热系数、RPV 压力峰值事件期间打开的 SRV 数量、堆芯坍塌量和颗粒碎屑直径。进一步讨论了可以重现 RPV 压力峰值的情况,以显示在 RPV 压力峰值事件期间可能的碎片床能量历史和下部压力通风系统中的水团历史。目前的研究表明: 1) 在 RPV 加压阶段,可能会发生相当于 4-6 个全开 SRV 总面积(或等效泄漏面积)的 SRV 打开,并伴有重碎屑淬火效应,而在 RPV 减压阶段,SRV 的总面积可能相当于至少 2 个全开 SRV(或等效泄漏面积),并伴有适度的碎屑淬火效应。2) 在目前的 MELCOR 建模中评估 Unit-3 的碎片淬火效果时,颗粒碎片直径不是一个非常敏感的参数。3) 目前的模型表明,在碎片淬火期间,冷却剂可以去除大约 70-110 GJ 的能量,同时从下增压室减少 30 吨水。而在 RPV 的减压阶段,SRV 的打开可能相当于至少 2 个完全打开的 SRV 的总面积(或等效的泄漏面积),并伴有适度的碎屑淬火效应。2) 在目前的 MELCOR 建模中评估 Unit-3 的碎片淬火效果时,颗粒碎片直径不是一个非常敏感的参数。3) 目前的模型表明,在碎片淬火期间,冷却剂可以去除大约 70-110 GJ 的能量,同时从下增压室减少 30 吨水。而在 RPV 的减压阶段,SRV 的打开可能相当于至少 2 个完全打开的 SRV 的总面积(或等效的泄漏面积),并伴有适度的碎屑淬火效应。2) 在目前的 MELCOR 建模中评估 Unit-3 的碎片淬火效果时,颗粒碎片直径不是一个非常敏感的参数。3) 目前的模型表明,在碎片淬火期间,冷却剂可以去除大约 70-110 GJ 的能量,同时从下增压室减少 30 吨水。2) 在目前的 MELCOR 建模中评估 Unit-3 的碎片淬火效果时,颗粒碎片直径不是一个非常敏感的参数。3) 目前的模型表明,在碎片淬火期间,冷却剂可以去除大约 70-110 GJ 的能量,同时从下部压力通风系统减少 30 吨水。2) 在目前的 MELCOR 建模中评估 Unit-3 的碎片淬火效果时,颗粒碎片直径不是一个非常敏感的参数。3) 目前的模型表明,在碎片淬火期间,冷却剂可以去除大约 70-110 GJ 的能量,同时从下部压力通风系统减少 30 吨水。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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