Conventional agriculture promotes negative feedbacks of soil microbes on crop performance (plant soil feedbacks, PSFs) by stimulating species-specific pathogens. Crop traits, modified by domestication, also influence PSFs. Therefore, we asked if crop cultivars and their wild progenitors promote soil pathogens and mutualists differently, and thus trigger different PSFs. We studied PSFs in cultivated varieties and wild progenitors of ten crops. In a first season, we grew all genotypes separately in a common soil to obtain genotype-specific soil inocula (‘trained soil’) for a second season. In season two, we examined the effects of the trained soil on plant interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and with root-feeding nematodes, and on plant performance. Mycorrhizal colonization was lower, and nematode infection rate was higher, in plant roots growing on soils previously trained by domesticated plants. Moreover, domesticated plants showed lower mycorrhizal colonization, and higher nematode infection rates than their wild progenitors, irrespective of previous soil training. The response of plant performance to soil training was species-specific and unrelated to cultivated vs wild status. Soil legacies differed between cultivated varieties and their wild progenitors, suggesting an impact of domestication on the way rhizosphere organisms are recruited, on the resistance of plants to herbivores, and on their interactions with root mutualists.

中文翻译：

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作物及其野生祖先以相反的方式招募有益和有害的土壤生物群

传统农业通过刺激物种特异性病原体来促进土壤微生物对作物性能的负反馈（植物土壤反馈，PSF）。通过驯化修饰的作物性状也会影响 PSF。因此，我们询问作物品种及其野生祖先是否以不同的方式促进土壤病原体和互惠生，从而引发不同的 PSF。我们研究了十种作物的栽培品种和野生祖先中的 PSF。在第一个季节，我们在普通土壤中分别种植所有基因型，以获得第二个季节的基因型特异性土壤接种物（“受过训练的土壤”）。在第二季中，我们研究了经过训练的土壤对植物与丛枝菌根真菌和食根线虫的相互作用以及对植物性能的影响。菌根定植率较低，线虫感染率较高，在先前由驯化植物训练的土壤上生长的植物根中。此外，无论先前的土壤训练如何，驯化植物的菌根定植率都低于其野生祖先，线虫感染率更高。植物性能对土壤训练的反应是物种特异性的，与栽培与野生状态无关。栽培品种与其野生祖先之间的土壤遗产不同，这表明驯化对根际生物的募集方式、植物对食草动物的抗性以及它们与根系互惠者的相互作用有影响。植物性能对土壤训练的反应是物种特异性的，与栽培与野生状态无关。栽培品种与其野生祖先之间的土壤遗产不同，这表明驯化对根际生物的募集方式、植物对食草动物的抗性以及它们与根系互惠者的相互作用有影响。植物性能对土壤训练的反应是物种特异性的，与栽培与野生状态无关。栽培品种与其野生祖先之间的土壤遗产不同，这表明驯化对根际生物的募集方式、植物对食草动物的抗性以及它们与根系互惠者的相互作用有影响。