Embryo rescue technique is widely utilized to save developing embryo from abortion in interspecific hybridization of plants. In Brassica species, success of an embryo rescue depends on the age of embryo, developmental stage of embryo, and media composition. In this study, ten crosses were conducted between diploid oilseed species B. rapa × tetraploid B. napus and B. rapa × tetraploid B. juncea along with their reciprocal crosses. The immature embryos from parents and crosses were cultured at 14 d after pollination in MS and ½ MS medium without any growth regulators for direct embryogenesis. Embryos were found at different stages of development during isolation, from globular to cotyledonary, indicating that rate of embryo development depends on genotype. Embryos isolated at the cotyledonary stage showed the highest regeneration percentage (av. 83.29%) and required the lowest time to regenerate (5.8 d) compared with another type of embryo, torpedo stage, cultured. Embryo rescued in ½ MS media accounted for 10–51%, 4.0–61%, 6.0–21%, and 5.0–43% greater shoot length, root length, number of leaves, and days to flowering, respectively, in different cross combinations compared with full-strength MS media. The results indicated that the rate of regeneration from embryo is higher in ½ MS media compared with full-strength MS media. Percent regeneration from the cultured embryos differed significantly in different cross combinations. Days required for regeneration from embryos, length of siliqua, and the number of ovules per siliqua accounted for high heterosis and broad sense heritability. The findings of this experiment would be useful in developing cost-effective embryo rescue protocol and desired interspecific hybrids through embryo rescue in Brassica species.

胚胎抢救技术被广泛用于在植物种间杂交中避免流产中发育中的胚胎。在芸苔属中，胚胎拯救的成功取决于胚胎的年龄，胚胎的发育阶段和培养基组成。在这项研究中，在二倍体油料种子B. rapa ×四倍体B. napus和B. rapa ×四倍体B. juncea之间进行了十次杂交以及他们相互的十字架。授粉后第14天，将来自亲本和杂交的未成熟胚在MS和½MS培养基中培养，无任何直接胚胎发生的生长调节剂。从球状到子叶状，在分离过程中发现胚胎处于不同的发育阶段，这表明胚胎的发育速度取决于基因型。与培养的另一种鱼雷型胚胎相比，在子叶期分离的胚显示出最高的再生百分比（平均83.29％），并且需要的再生时间最少（5.8 d）。在½MS培养基中抢救的胚胎在不同的交叉组合中分别占苗长，根长，叶片数和开花天数分别增加10–51％，4.0–61％，6.0–21％和5.0–43％与全强度MS媒体相比。结果表明，与全强度MS培养基相比，在1/2 MS培养基中从胚再生的速率更高。在不同的交叉组合中，从培养的胚胎再生的百分比显着不同。从胚中再生所需的天数，矽胶的长度和每个矽胶的胚珠数说明了杂种优势和广泛的遗传力。该实验的发现将有助于开发具有成本效益的胚胎抢救方案，并通过胚胎抢救来获得所需的种间杂种。每穗的胚珠数表明杂种优势高，遗传力强。该实验的发现将有助于开发具有成本效益的胚胎抢救方案，并通过胚胎抢救来获得所需的种间杂种。每穗的胚珠数表明杂种优势高，遗传力强。该实验的发现将有助于开发具有成本效益的胚胎抢救方案，并通过胚胎抢救来获得所需的种间杂种。芸苔属。