The elastic wave propagation properties of phononic crystals (PnCs) composed of an elastic matrix embedded in magnetorheological and electrorheological elastomers are studied in this paper. The tunable band gaps and transmission spectra of these materials are calculated using the finite element method and supercell technology. The variations in the band gap characteristics with changes in the electric/magnetic fields are given. The numerical results show that the electric and magnetic fields can be used in combination to adjust the band gaps effectively. The start and stop frequencies of the band gap are obviously affected by the electric field, and the band gap width is regulated more significantly by the magnetic field. The widest and highest band gap can be obtained by combined application of the electric and magnetic fields. In addition, the band gaps can be moved to the low-frequency region by drilling holes in the PnC, which can also open or close new band gaps. These results indicate the possibility of multi-physical field regulation and design optimization of the elastic wave properties of intelligent PnCs.

研究了由嵌入磁流变和电流变弹性体中的弹性基质组成的声子晶体（PnCs）的弹性波传播特性。这些材料的可调带隙和透射光谱是使用有限元方法和超级电池技术计算的。给出了带隙特性随电场/磁场变化的变化。数值结果表明，可以结合使用电场和磁场有效地调节带隙。带隙的起始和终止频率明显受电场影响，并且带隙宽度受磁场的影响更大。可以通过联合施加电场和磁场来获得最宽和最高的带隙。此外，可以通过在PnC中钻孔来将带隙移至低频区域，这也可以打开或关闭新的带隙。这些结果表明了多物理场调节和智能PnCs的弹性波特性设计优化的可能性。