Abstract Acute behavioral and hematological toxicity of ivermectin to C. gariepinus juveniles were assessed under static conditions at concentrations of 9 to 25 µg L−1 for up to 4 days. Juveniles were highly sensitive to ivermectin, with an LC50 of 15 µg L−1, culminating in spasms and paralysis. The hematological responses of packed cell volume, hemoglobin and red blood cell count decreased when compared to the control while the white blood cell count showed a biphasic trend. The mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin showed a mixed trend, while mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration increased with increase in the concentration of the drug. Lymphocytes and neutrophils were also significantly (p < .05) increased. Ivermectin did not elicit any significant changes in monocytes, basophils and eosinophils. The observed changes confirm that ivermectin negatively affected the health of the fish. Therefore, real-time monitoring for early warning is recommended.

中文翻译：

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伊维菌素对幼鱼的急性血液学毒性

摘要 在静态条件下以 9 至 25 µg L-1 的浓度持续长达 4 天，评估伊维菌素对 C. gariepinus 幼鱼的急性行为和血液学毒性。幼鱼对伊维菌素高度敏感，LC50 为 15 µg L-1，最终导致痉挛和瘫痪。与对照相比，压实细胞体积、血红蛋白和红细胞计数的血液学反应降低，而白细胞计数呈双相趋势。平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞血红蛋白呈混合趋势，而平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度随着药物浓度的增加而增加。淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞也显着增加 (p < .05)。伊维菌素未引起单核细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞的任何显着变化。观察到的变化证实伊维菌素对鱼的健康有负面影响。因此，建议实时监测预警。