The additive friction stir process provides a new approach to additive manufacturing by depositing and coating of a variety of similar and dissimilar materials with imparting them exceptional mechanical properties. During this process, the filler material can be deposited layer-by-layer on the substrate effected by heat and plastic deformation due to friction between the filler rod and substrate. For understanding complex physics of this advanced process, a numerical simulation model for the first layer deposition with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method was constructed and implemented in an LS-DYNA commercial complex. The temperature distribution, material deposition, deformation and stress state were evaluated on the basis of simulation results. The Vickers hardness distribution was also measured in the experiment to verify the stress distribution. A higher stress observed on the top layer of deposition and Vickers hardness appeared to be similar characteristics due to the relationship between stress and hardness.

中文翻译：

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用光滑粒子流体动力学方法模拟加性摩擦搅拌的温度和应力状态。

添加剂摩擦搅拌工艺通过沉积和涂覆各种相似和不相似的材料并赋予它们出色的机械性能，为添加制造提供了一种新的方法。在该过程中，由于填充杆和基底之间的摩擦，热和塑性变形可将填充材料逐层沉积在基底上。为了理解此先进过程的复杂物理原理，在LS-DYNA商业综合体中构建并使用了平滑粒子流体动力学方法建立了第一层沉积的数值模拟模型。根据模拟结果评估了温度分布，材料沉积，变形和应力状态。在实验中还测量了维氏硬度分布，以验证应力分布。由于应力和硬度之间的关系，在沉积的顶层观察到的较高应力和维氏硬度似乎是相似的特性。