Abstract

A method for the synthesis of metal–carbon nanocomposites in which metal-centered particles of the core–graphite-like shell type are distributed in the bulk of an amorphous sp²-carbon matrix is proposed. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was used as a carbon matrix precursor. The synthesis procedure included the following stages: The dehydrochlorination of PVC with diethylamine in a dimethyl sulfoxide solution in the presence of Co, Ni, Fe, or Cu nitrates; the carbonization of the product at 400°C; metal reduction with hydrogen at 500–620°C; and methane conversion at 620–850°C. The metal concentrations in the resulting composites were the following (%): Fe, 10; Ni, 10.8; Co, 11; and Cu, 21. The structure of the final metal–carbon nanocomposites was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The size of a metal core was 20–100 nm, and the number of graphene layers in a shell was to 50.

中文翻译：

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非晶态碳基体中过渡金属纳米粒子作为金属核-类似石墨的壳结构分布的金属-碳复合材料的合成

摘要

一种合成金属-碳纳米复合材料的方法，其中以核-石墨状壳类型为中心的金属中心颗粒分布在非晶态sp ²的主体中提出了碳基质。聚氯乙烯（PVC）被用作碳基质前体。合成过程包括以下步骤：在二甲基亚砜溶液中，在硝酸钴，镍，铁或铜的存在下，用二乙胺对PVC进行脱氯化氢反应。产品在400℃下碳化；在500–620°C下用氢气还原金属；并在620–850°C下进行甲烷转化。所得复合物中的金属浓度为以下（％）：Fe，10； Fe，10； Fe，10。Ni，10.8；Co，11；和Cu，21。通过透射电子显微镜研究了最终的金属－碳纳米复合材料的结构。金属核的大小为20-100 nm，壳中的石墨烯层数为50。