Abstract

Systems for nondestructive testing (NDT) of rails are multichannel and concurrently use several methods, including ultrasonic, magnetic flux leakage (MFL), visual, and others. Periodic inspection of rails does not allow easily monitoring the condition of rails and tracking the trend in the development of defects simultaneously through multiple (up to 14) channels based on several parameters of ultrasonic- and magnetic-testing signals. We propose approaches to developing a generalized (integral) parameter that takes into account the main characteristics of signals from defects concurrently through all testing channels (methods). Using this parameter, we have analyzed the development of various defects in the rail head during repeated (up to 17 times) inspections. As expected, longitudinal defects in the head develop over a rather long (up to 4 years) period of time. At the same time, transverse cracks, most dangerous due to the likelihood of a sudden break in the rail, develop quite rapidly (0.5–4 months). Attention is drawn to the significant instability of ultrasonic flaw-detection signals during repeated monitoring and to regular changes in magnetic-testing signals. It is shown that it is possible to monitor the development of rail defects and take proactive measures for the timely removal of dangerous defects. The proposed approaches can be used in monitoring the development of defects in other fields of NDT.

中文翻译：

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基于多通道定期测试结果的钢轨缺陷发展分析

摘要

轨道的无损检测（NDT）系统是多通道的，同时使用多种方法，包括超声波，磁通量泄漏（MFL），视觉方法和其他方法。定期检查导轨不允许根据超声波和磁测试信号的多个参数轻松地通过多个（最多14个）通道同时监视导轨的状况并跟踪缺陷发展的趋势。我们提出了一种开发通用（积分）参数的方法，该参数考虑了同时通过所有测试通道（方法）来自缺陷的信号的主要特征。使用此参数，我们分析了重复（最多17次）检查过程中导轨头中各种缺陷的发展。不出所料 头部的纵向缺陷会在相当长的时间内（长达4年）发展。同时，由于钢轨可能突然断裂而引起的最危险的横向裂纹发展得很快（0.5–4个月）。提请注意在重复监视期间超声探伤信号的显着不稳定性以及磁测试信号的定期变化。结果表明，可以监视铁轨缺陷的发展并采取积极措施及时清除危险缺陷。所提出的方法可用于监测无损检测其他领域缺陷的发展。提请注意在重复监视期间超声探伤信号的显着不稳定性以及磁测试信号的定期变化。结果表明，可以监视铁轨缺陷的发展并采取积极措施及时清除危险缺陷。所提出的方法可用于监测无损检测其他领域缺陷的发展。提请注意在重复监视期间超声探伤信号的显着不稳定性以及磁测试信号的定期变化。结果表明，可以监视铁路缺陷的发展并采取积极措施及时清除危险缺陷。所提出的方法可用于监测无损检测其他领域缺陷的发展。