Abstract

The effect of the introduction of additives of low-melting alloying elements in antifriction aluminum alloys on a change in the surface after tribological tests is estimated. Compositions are described and sample preparation is performed. For the study, a combination of electron microscopy methods (with elemental analysis) and probe microscopy (with the modes of spreading current and thermal-conductivity analysis) are used. It is shown that after heat treatment, the phase components acquire a globular shape in both alloys. Grain deformation, soft phase release to the surface, and mass transfer take place during the friction process. The hard phase components of the shoe material act as an abrasive, while mass transfer forms a film of secondary structures of variable thickness on the roller (under certain conditions, the film becomes thicker, which can lead to scuffing). The analysis of sections allows the presence of a near-surface layer (50–100 µm thick) with a modified structure to be established. The SPM method is used to establish that the thermal conductivity map at the micro level correlates with the electrical conductivity map. X-ray structural analysis of the surfaces carried out before and after tribological tests showed that the lattice spacing decreased, lattice deformation increased, and texture appeared.

中文翻译：

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铝合金在摩擦过程中表面变化的显微和X射线分析

摘要

估算了在摩擦学试验后在减摩铝合金中引入低熔点合金元素添加剂对表面变化的影响。描述了组成并进行了样品制备。为了进行研究，将电子显微镜方法（具有元素分析）和探针显微镜（具有扩展电流和热导率分析模式）结合使用。结果表明，热处理后，两种合金中的相成分均呈球形。在摩擦过程中会发生晶粒变形，软相释放到表面以及传质。鞋类材料的硬相成分起着研磨剂的作用，而传质则在滚筒上形成厚度可变的二级结构薄膜（在某些条件下，该薄膜变厚，可能导致划伤）。通过对截面的分析，可以确定存在具有改良结构的近表层（50–100 µm厚）。SPM方法用于确定微观水平的热导率图与电导率图相关。在摩擦学试验之前和之后进行的表面X射线结构分析表明，晶格间距减小，晶格变形增加，并且出现了织构。