Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state,Science

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Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state
Science ( IF 56.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 , DOI: 10.1126/science.abc0523
Trevor Bedford _{1,

2,

3} , Alexander L Greninger _{1,

4} , Pavitra Roychoudhury _{1,

4} , Lea M Starita _{2,

3} , Michael Famulare ₅ , Meei-Li Huang _{1,

4} , Arun Nalla ₄ , Gregory Pepper ₄ , Adam Reinhardt ₄ , Hong Xie ₄ , Lasata Shrestha ₄ , Truong N Nguyen ₄ , Amanda Adler ₆ , Elisabeth Brandstetter ₇ , Shari Cho _{2,

3} , Danielle Giroux ₃ , Peter D Han _{2,

3} , Kairsten Fay ₁ , Chris D Frazar ₃ , Misja Ilcisin ₁ , Kirsten Lacombe ₆ , Jover Lee ₁ , Anahita Kiavand _{2,

3} , Matthew Richardson ₃ , Thomas R Sibley ₁ , Melissa Truong _{2,

3} , Caitlin R Wolf ₇ , Deborah A Nickerson _{2,

3} , Mark J Rieder _{2,

3} , Janet A Englund _{2,

6,

8} , , James Hadfield ₁ , Emma B Hodcroft _{9,

10} , John Huddleston _{1,

11} , Louise H Moncla ₁ , Nicola F Müller ₁ , Richard A Neher _{9,

10} , Xianding Deng ₁₂ , Wei Gu ₁₂ , Scot Federman ₁₂ , Charles Chiu ₁₂ , Jeffrey S Duchin _{7,

13} , Romesh Gautom ₁₄ , Geoff Melly ₁₄ , Brian Hiatt ₁₄ , Philip Dykema ₁₄ , Scott Lindquist ₁₄ , Krista Queen ₁₅ , Ying Tao ₁₅ , Anna Uehara ₁₅ , Suxiang Tong ₁₅ , Duncan MacCannell ₁₆ , Gregory L Armstrong ₁₆ , Geoffrey S Baird ₄ , Helen Y Chu _{2,

7} , Jay Shendure _{2,

3,

17} , Keith R Jerome _{1,

4}

Affiliation

Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, WA, USA.
Division of Infectious Disease, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Public Health - Seattle & King County, Seattle, WA, USA.
Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA, USA.
Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Office of Advanced Molecular Detection, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.

A series of unfortunate events The history of how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread around the planet has been far from clear. Several narratives have been propagated by social media and, in some cases, national policies were forged in response. Now that many thousands of virus sequences are available, two studies analyzed some of the key early events in the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Bedford et al. found that the virus arrived in Washington state in late January or early February. The viral genome from the first case detected had mutations similar to those found in Chinese samples and rapidly spread and dominated subsequent undetected community transmission. The other viruses detected had origins in Europe. Worobey et al. found that early introductions into Germany and the west coast of the United States were extinguished by vigorous public health efforts, but these successes were largely unrecognized. Unfortunately, several major travel events occurred in February, including repatriations from China, with lax public health follow-up. Serial, independent introductions triggered the major outbreaks in the United States and Europe that still hold us in the grip of control measures. Science, this issue p. 571, p. 564 The first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state occurred at the end of January and, by going undetected, sparked community transmission. After its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus rapidly spread globally. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 allows the reconstruction of its transmission history, although this is contingent on sampling. We analyzed 453 SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington state in the United States. We find that most SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time derive from a single introduction in late January or early February 2020, which subsequently spread locally before active community surveillance was implemented.

更新日期：2020-09-10

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